Niveau d'activité physique et comportement alimentaire : facteurs de risque associés à la sédentarité chez les employés obèses d'

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To develop a program of high volume physical exercises, of moderate to high intensity, adapted to the working context of Kinshasa. In a trial study of structured, spontaneous and mixed physical exercise programs associated with nutrition education, lasting 3 months, from November 7 to January 7, 2014. 30 obese sedentary workers 44 ± 844 ± 8.6 on average, year-olds were randomly selected from 157 obese individuals out of a general population of 400 employees in the personal list of the selected company. These workers were divided into three groups of physical exercises, of which the first group consisted of 10 workers in a three-day, moderate to high intensity structured exercise program, including: jogging, aerobics, basketball, volleyball, swimming, abdominals and walking of 10,000 steps a day. The second group was also composed of 10 workers undergoing a spontaneous exercise program of the same duration, intensity and frequency including: walk, up and down the stairs and finally the third group composed and then the third group of 10 workers submitted to a mixed exercise program (the mixture of the two programs). Quantitative variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The ANOVA test was used to compare the variables of two groups. A value of p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered a threshold of statistical significance. Decreased weight, waist circumference and body mass index were observed intra group before and after exercise programs. After the intervention, the group subjected to the mixed exercises improved more significantly (p = 0.0001) the morphological parameters of the obese than the group subjected to the structured and spontaneous exercises with diet. A moderate to high intensity, high volume mixed exercise program significantly improves the morphology of obese sedentary workers compared to the structured and spontaneous exercise program. It can be considered as an effective non-pharmacological strategy to combat the nutritional and epidemiological transition in the workplace, where obesity is the main cornerstone.

Background: Obesity has become a public health problem in the world today, especially in the workplace, where workers are subjected to long-term work in a sitting position and in front of computers. The absence of a program of structured physical exercises in our context on obesity in a professional environment in Kinshasa motivated us to carry out this study. Objective: To investigate the effect of a structured exercise program on the level of physical activity and energy expenditure of obese workers. Methods: In a 6-month follow-up study, 157 obese patients with a mean age of 47 ± 9.54 years were enrolled in a 3-day, one-hour structured exercise program. Day of moderate to high intensity and walking combined with a nutritional education (low calorie, high fiber and vitamins) at the Multimodal Freight Management Office of Kinshasa between January and June 2014. We used the paired Student's T test to compare continuous variables before and after the programs. Results: A significant increase was obtained in six months of the structured exercise program combined with nutrition education for most of the studied parameters: number of steps on the working day (p <0.0001) ; number of steps on the weekend (p <0.0001); energy expenditure on the working day (p <0.0001); energy expenditure on the weekend day (p<0.0001). In contrast, weight, Body Mass Index, Waist circumference and Hip Abdomen Ratio significantly decrease d respectively: weight (p<0.0001); Body Mass Index (p <0.0001); waist circumference (p < 0.0001); Hip Abdomen Ratio (p <0.0001).Conclusion: Structured exercise combined with nutrition education significantly increases the level of physical activity, energy expenditure and decreases weight, Body Mass Index, waist circumference and morbidity and mortality risk of obese workers.

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