Suicidal behavior is no less common in BED than in other eating disorders. Individuals with BED may show increased suicide ideation, especially in the presence of alexithymia and depressive symptoms, even if these symptoms are subclinical. The authors also discuss limitations of this study and future research needs.

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Mirror therapy is a widely used treatment for phantom limb pain (PLP) relief in patients with limb loss. Less common is progressive muscle relaxation (PMR), used mostly in other medical conditions (psychological, terminal cancer pain, etc). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a mirror therapy preceded by PMR intervention compared to mirror therapy preceded by unguided generic relaxation-mirror therapy in patients with lower limb amputation suffering from PLP. This pilot study was a single-blind, controlled, randomized trial. Thirty lower limb amputees suffering from PLP were recruited and randomly assigned to three groups respectively undergoing a PMR-mirror therapy rehabilitative intervention, generic relaxation-mirror therapy, and conventional physiotherapy (ConvPT). Selected items from Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire (PEQ) and the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) were used to test the pain features at the beginning and 1 week after 3 weeks of intervention. A decrease of about 65% was found in the rate and duration of PLP at the PEQ in PMR-mirror therapy with respect to generic relaxation-mirror therapy (about 30%) and ConvPT (about 6%). A decrease of about 90% in intensity (worst and average) of PLP in PMR-mirror therapy when compared to generic relaxation-mirror therapy (about 45%) and ConvPT (about 20%) was found at the BPI. We preliminary concluded, albeit with limitations due to the small sample of patients, that mirror therapy can improve PLP when associated with PMR. Further studies are required to confirm that PMR could be an effective technique for more successful PLP management.

INTRODUZIONELa letteratura internazionale e nazionale ha evidenziato che il trattamento della schizofrenia con olanzapina è in grado, rispetto ai neurolettici tipici, di influenzare positivamente il rapporto medico-paziente, favorendo l'instaurarsi di una sorta di alleanza terapeutica che porta, come esito, un migliorato profilo della qualità di vita dei pazienti, una loro miglior accettazione delle attività riabilitative, un ridotto numero di ospedalizzazioni e un miglior reinserimento sociale [1][2][3][4][5].Il trattamento con olanzapina influenza quindi, con la creazione e il potenziamento dell'alleanza terapeutica, il trattamento psichiatrico nei suoi vari aspetti.In particolare attualmente la terapia riabilitativa, nei suoi vari aspetti, è assurta ad un ruolo cardine nel trattamento dei pazienti schizofrenici. Influenza del trattamento della schizofrenia con neurolettici tipici o olanzapina sui costi sanitari e sugli outcomes lavorativiAngelomarco Barioglio*, Luca Guidi**, Giorgio Mariani* ABSTRACTThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the global treatment cost of schizophrenia with olanzapine or typical neuroleptics, according to Local Health Care Unit point of view. This analysis was performed through naturalistic observation of a cohort of schizophrenic patients referring to Ascoli Piceno ASL Department of Mental Health during 4 years (2001)(2002)(2003)(2004).During year 2003, investigators have identified a cohort of patients who were undergoing treatment switch from typical neuroleptics to olanzapine. These patients, after the switch, are observed prospectively for the next 2 years and retrospectively for the last 2 years of treament. This method allow us to collect data about 4 years of treatment: 2 years of typical neuroleptic treatment followed by 2 years of olanzapine treatment. The present work is presenting the analysis of the first 3 years of observation.The results of our analysis are demonstrating that olanzapine treatment, through a better patient-physician alliance and with rehabilitative activities, allow lower total medical costs for the treatment of schizophrenia than typical neuroleptics. The higher acquisition cost of olanzapine versus typical neuroleptics was compensated by less hospitalizations and territorial medical interventions. During olanzapine treatment patients followed more rehabilitative activities (+71,26%, p <0,0001) and increased their working activities (+39,13%, p< 0,001). Difatti la riabilitazione psicosociale è volta a consentire a tali pazienti di recuperare le capacità perdute, di sviluppare le proprie potenzialità e di acquisire comportamenti socialmente condivisi, in modo da muoversi in modo adeguato ed efficace nel proprio spazio sociale. KeywordsCon il nostro studio abbiamo voluto verificare questi aspetti del trattamento della schizofrenia con olanzapina confrontando, in quattro anni di osservazione, l' assorbimento di risorse sanitarie e l'entità del reinserimento lavorativo di una coorte di 31 pazienti trattati prima con neurolettici tipici e poi trasfe...