The apoprotein composition of the main lipoprotein fractions (VLDL, LDL‐1, LDL‐2 and HDL) was studied initially in 15 patients with Broad‐β disease. Analytical isoelectric focusing of urea‐soluble apo‐VLDL and apo LDL‐1 demonstrated a variant pattern of the polymorphic Apoprotein E with a deficient Apo E‐III band in all patients. The Apo E‐III deficiency pattern was seen in only six out of 304 hyperlipidaemic controls. These six Apo E‐III deficient controls had characteristic signs of Broad+ disease, and thus represented patients not previously recognized as having the disorder. The Apo E focusing patterns were constant on repeated examinations and were stable under different metabolic conditions. The data show that Apo E‐III deficiency in VLDL is a specific qualitative marker for Broad‐β disease, allowing an unequivocal diagnosis that had not been possible previously. Indirect evidence suggests that Apo E‐III deficiency is the basic lipoprotein abnormality underlying the familial dyslipoproteinaemia.

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Herrn Professor Dr. Hans Franke %um 60. Geburtstag gewidmetIm Plasma von 36 Versuchspersonen untersuchten wir das Verhalten mehrerer Lipidfraktionen unter folgenden Lagerungsbedingungen: 3 Tage Raumtemperatur, 3 Tage +4°, 7 Tage +4°, 28 Tage -20° und 28 Tage -60°. Die Plasmaproben hatten bei der Verarbeitung eine Temperatur von -{-4°. Bei den Fraktionen Phosphatide, Gesamt-Cholesterin und freies Cholesterin zeigten sich keine signifikanten Änderungen. Die Triglyceride waren nur nach 3 Tagen Raumtemperatur signifikant verändert (um etwa 7% erniedrigt). Dementsprechend stiegen die freien Fettsäuren nach 3tägiger Aufbewahrung bei Raumtemperatur um 218% an. Nach Ttägiger Aufbewahrung bei -f-4° kam es zu einem Anstieg der freien Fettsäuren um 43% des Ausgangs wertes. Tiefgekühlte Proben zeigten bei -60° eine signifikante Verminderung um etwa 9%, bei -20° keine Unterschiede zum Sofortwert. Kinetische Untersuchungen ergaben, daß die in vitro-Lipolyse bei Raumtemperatur 60 Stunden nach Blutentnahme beendet ist. The stability of plasma lipids under various storage conditionsThe behaviour of several lipid fractions in the plasma of 36 persons was investigated after storage of the plasma under the following conditions: 3 days at room temperature, 3 and 7 days at 4°, 28 days at -20° and 28 days at -60° resp. The temperature was kept at 4°d uring isolation of the lipid fractions. The fractions of phospholipids, total cholesterol and free cholesterol did not show any significant changes after being stored under different conditions. Triglycerides decreased significantly after storage of the plasma for 3 days at room temperature. Free fatty acids increased by 218% after 3 days at room temperature. A 43% increase of free fatty acids was observed after storage of plasma for 7 days at 4°. A significant decrease of free fatty acids was found after storage at -40°. However, storage at -20° did not produce any apparent changes of free fatty acids. Kinetic measurements demonstrated that in vitro lipolysis at room temperature was complete 60 hours after veni-puncture.

In a double-blind, randomised, cross-over trial clofibrate and a combination of polyenyl phosphatidyl choline (PPC) plus clofibrate were tested in 67 patients with hyperlipoproteinemia. Each treatment lasted for 4 weeks and was separated by a 4 week placebo period. The daily doses were clofibrate 1.2 g and PPC 1.8 g + clofibrate 1.2 g. respectively. The results revealed that polypenyl phosphatidyl choline prevented the elevation of LDL-cholesterol induced by clofibrate treatment, and that the lipid-lowering potency of the combination did not differ significantly from that of clofibrate. Since elevation of LDL-cholesterol is considered to increase the risk of coronary heart disease, the combination appears to offer a therapeutic advantage. Despite the significance of this clinical observation, a final decision may only be obtained from a prospective, long term investigation in patients with coronary heart diseases and hyperlipoproteinemia.

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