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Pulp and paper mill effluent was decolorized by growth ofAspergillus niger. Adding glucose (2.0 g/l) and NH4H2PO4 (1.0 g/l) improved decolorization by the fungus (leaving 19% of original colour) and reduced the BOD5 (43%) and the COD (41%) of the effluent after 48 h of incubation.

Pulp and paper mill waste water irrigation increased pH, EC, organic carbon and exchangeable sodium content of soils. The increase in organic matter content of soils accelerated microbial activity and hence accelerated substrate decomposition with the release of COi. There exhibited a peak followed by a steady decline in the rate of COi evolution in effluent irrigated soils. The irrigation of pulp and paper mill combined effluent to soils did not affect microbial activity.