Influence of paper mill effluent irrigation on soil enzyme activities

M. 2000. Soil enzyme activities following paper sludge addition in a winter cabbage-sweet corn rotation. Can. J. Soil Sci. 80: 91-97. Combined primary and secondary papermill sludge (PS) is a good source of C and other nutrients for soils devoted to intensive horticultural production. A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of PS, spring-applied alone or in combination with ammonium nitrate (AN), on the enzymatic activity of a Bedford clay (Humic Gleysol) in the province of Québec, Canada. The experiment was started in 1996 with winter cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) and continued in 1997 and 1998 on the same plots with sweet corn (Zea mays L.). The PS was applied at 0 (control), 8, 16, 32 and 65 Mg ha -1 in 1996 and at 44% of these rates in 1997. No sludge was applied in 1998. Additional treatments consisted of AN applied yearly at 100% of the plant N requirements and a PS and AN combination. Soil arylsulfatase and acid and alkaline phosphatase activities were measured at three different times in each growing season. The PS rate linearly increased the soil acid phosphatase activity in all 3 yr. In contrast, the alkaline phosphatase and arylsulfatase activities were enhanced in 1997 by the 8-16 Mg PS ha -1 treatments, whereas larger amounts of PS showed activity comparable to the control. The second PS application promoted phosphatase activities mostly in fall, but did not sustain arylsulfatase activity. The AN gave lower phosphatase activities than PS, and depressed arylsulfatase. Addition of AN to PS increased only acid phosphatase activity as compared with PS alone or the control. This study indicated that addition of PS improved enzyme activity of this horticultural soil but rates in excess to 32 Mg ha -1 may be detrimental.

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Soil enzyme activities following paper sludge addition in a winter cabbage-sweet corn rotation

Gagnon¹,

Lalande²,

Simard³

et al. 2000

“…These results are in the same range as the values reported by Perucci (1992) in soil amended with 0 to 90 Mg ha -1 compost. Alkaline phosphatase has been suggested as an index of microbial activity in soils (Frankenberger and Dick 1983), and its activity level has been found to increase when paper mill effluents (Kannan and Oblisami 1990) or municipal refuse compost are applied (Perucci 1992). The increased rate of alkaline phosphatase activity following DPS incorporation could be due to P immobilization during the initial phase of DPS decomposition.…”

Section: Impact Of De-inking Paper Sludge On Enzyme Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Active carbon pools and enzyme activities in soils amended with de-inking paper sludge

Chantigny¹,

Angers²,

Beauchamp³

2000

. 2000. Active carbon pools and enzyme activities in soils amended with de-inking paper sludge. Can. J. Soil Sci. 80: 99-105. Application of paper mill wastes generally improves soil organic matter content, biological activity and physical properties. However, the impact of large application rates (>50 Mg ha -1 ) on soil microflora and their activity has not been assessed. A field study was undertaken on a well-drained clay loam and a poorly drained silty clay loam amended with de-inking paper sludge (DPS) at rates of 0 (control), 50 or 100 Mg ha -1 . K 2 SO 4 -extractable C (C ext ), soil water content (SWC), microbial biomass C (MBC) and different enzyme activity rates were periodically measured in soil during 1075 d following DPS incorporation. Compared with control soils, C ext content increased by 100 to 200%, and soil water content increased by 35% following incorporation of DPS at 100 Mg ha -1 . Those differences decreased in time as DPS decomposed. Soil MBC increased proportionally with the rate of DPS amendment and was about twice the amount in soils amended with 100 Mg ha -1 compared with the control. Microbial quotient (ratio of MBC to total soil organic C) was greater in DPS-amended than in control soils until day 370, reflecting the input of labile C from DPS. Compared with the control, fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis and alkaline phosphatase activity rates increased by 40 to 100% when adding 50 Mg DPS ha -1 . However, the rates were similar for 50 and 100 Mg DPS ha -1 . We concluded that DPS promoted microbial growth and activity in the soil by improving C and water availability. However, levelling off of enzyme activity at a DPS loading rate above 50 Mg ha -1 could reflect changes in soil microbial community, or some kinetic interference or nutrient deficiency induced by excessive C input. . L'utilisation de résidus de papier peut amélior-er la teneur en matière organique, l'activité biologique et les propriétés physiques du sol. Toutefois, l'impact de doses élevées (> 50 Mg ha -1 ) sur la microflore du sol et ses activités n'a pas été étudiée. Une étude de champ s'est déroulée sur un loam argileux bien drainé et un loam limono-argileux mal drainé amendés avec 0 (témoin) 50 ou 100 Mg ha -1 de résidus de désencrage du papier (RDP). Le C extractible au K 2 SO 4 (C ext ), la teneur en eau, le C de la biomasse microbienne (CBM) et différentes activités enzymatiques ont été suivies pendant 1075 jours suivant l'incorporation des RDP. Les teneurs en C ext ont augmenté de 100 à 200 %, alors que la teneur en eau a augmenté de 35 % suite à l'ajout de 100 Mg ha -1 de RDP. Ces augmentations ont graduellement disparues à mesure que les RDP se sont décomposés. Le CBM a augmenté de façon proportionnelle à la dose de RDP et était deux fois plus élevé dans le sol amendé avec 100 Mg ha -1 que dans le sol témoin. Le quotient microbien (rapport CBM sur C organique total) a été plus élevé dans les sols avec RDP que dans les sols témoins jusqu'au jour 370, ce qui reflète l'apport de C disponible provenant des RDP. Les...

“…Research on the effect of composted paper mill sludge on soil enzyme activity, however, is limited. Kannan and Oblisami (1990) observed an increase in many enzyme activities after several years' application of raw paper mill effluents. Recently Simard et al (1998a) and Gagnon et al (2000) showed that addition of combined primary and secondary de-inking sludges improved soil enzyme activities, but that rates in excess of 32 Mg ha -1 may be detrimental.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of de-inking paper sludge compost application on soil chemical and biological properties

Baziramakenga¹,

Lalande²,

Lalande³

2001

Baziramakenga, R., Simard, R. R. and Lalande, R. 2001. Effect of de-inking paper sludge compost application on soil chemical and biological properties. Can. J. Soil Sci. 81: 561-575. A 2-yr field study evaluated the effect of applying compost of deinking paper residues and poultry manure (DSPC) on the chemical and biological properties of Tilly silt loam (Gleyed Humo-Ferric Podzol) in Sainte-Croix de Lotbinière, Québec, Canada. The experiment began in 1996 with snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. 'Centralia') and continued in 1997 on the same plots with potato (Solanum tuberosum L. 'Gold Rush'). In 1996, treatments included three rates of mineral fertilizer (MF) (60, 120 and 180 kg P 2 O 5 -K 2 O ha -1 ), three rates of DSPC (14, 28 and 42 Mg ha -1 on a dry matter basis) alone or in combination with MF, and an untreated control. In the spring of 1997, main plots were divided into four subplots and P fertilizer was applied at 0, 44, 88 and 132 kg ha -1 . The DSPC increased soil pH and water content. Soil inorganic N increased just after DSPC application, but this effect lasted only 1 yr. Soil Mehlich-3 extractable P showed a significant increase due to DSPC application and the increase was much larger when DSPC was applied in combination with P fertilizer. Soil phosphatase and urease activities were also increased by DSPC. Application of DSPC increased soil Mehlich-3 extractable K and Mg contents. Except for Mn and Zn, soil Mehlich-3 extractable heavy metal contents were not influenced by DSPC. This experiment indicates that compost derived from a mixture of de-inking papermill sludges and poultry manure is a potential source of nutrients for crops and can effectively improve chemical and biological properties of low fertility or degraded soils.