This study provides a comprehensive list of Turkey aphid fauna (Hemiptera: Aphididea). A total of 466 species and 12 subspecies belonging to 141 genera and 13 tribes, are listed. The list includes all records from 1903 to 2011. The family of Aphididae comprise the highest number of species (457), followed by Adelgidae (6) and Phylloxeridae (3), respectively. Inside Aphididae, the tribe of Macrosiphini is the richest group with 197 species, whereas the tribe of Cinarini has only one species. The number of aphid species actually reported for Turkey is lower than recorded for neighboring countries, suggesting that further faunistic studies needs to improve informations on this topic

As a result of the study carried out between 2007 and 2009 in the eastern part of the Black Sea Region of Turkey, 4 genera and 17 species were determined as new records for the Turkish aphid fauna. New recorded species are Aphis arbuti, Aphis cytisorum, Aphis kachkoulii, Cavariella digitata, Chaitophorus kapuri, Chaitophorus longisetosus, Cinara pinivora, Illinoia lambersi, Myzus beybienkoi, Neobetulaphis pusilla, Phyllaphis fagifoliae, Pseudessigella brachychaeta, Schizaphis rotundiventris, Symdobious oblongus, Thecabius lysimachiae, Thelaxes californica and Tinocallis takachihoensis. With these new records, the number of genera increased to 134 and the number of the species in the Turkish aphid fauna amounted to about 480. Since Turkey has a huge range of agricultural crops and a great diversity in its natural flora, research conducted on the Turkish aphid fauna has current and future indications for plant protection.