Zusammenfassung. Zur Erfassung von Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen bei Personen mit chronischen Schmerzen wird der Fragebogen zur Erfassung der schmerzspezifischen Selbstwirksamkeit (FESS), eine Adaptation des Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) ( Nicholas, 2007 ), vorgestellt. Im Gegensatz zu anderen Selbstwirksamkeitsmaßen berücksichtigt dieser bei der Einschätzung von Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen die vorliegenden Schmerzen. In einer obe von N = 363 Patienten (vorwiegend mit Rückenschmerzen) einer orthopädischen Rehabilitationsklinik wurden die psychometrischen Eigenschaften des FESS überprüft. Das Cronbachs Alpha der Gesamtskala liegt bei α = .93. Die einfaktorielle Struktur ließ sich faktorenanalytisch belegen. Hinweise auf die konvergente Validität des FESS liefert besonders die hohe Korrelation zur schmerzbedingten Beeinträchtigung („disability”) (PDI). Hinsichtlich der Konstruktvalidität zeigen sich für den spezifischen FESS und ein allgemeines Selbstwirksamkeitsmaß (SWE) teilweise unterschiedliche Korrelationen zu zentralen Kriteriumsvariablen des Schmerzgeschehens. Regressionsanalysen zeigen den prädiktiven Nutzen des FESS. Somit scheint der FESS ein gutes Instrument zur Status- und Veränderungsmessung in der klinischen Praxis sowie zur Evaluation von Therapieerfolgen in der Schmerzforschung zu sein.
Psychological interventions in the inpatient orthopedic rehabilitation are recommended in order to adequately deal with the higher rate of persons with comorbid mental disorders.
Rehabilitants with chronic orthopaedic diseases are assigned to either the traditional or the behaviour-medical rehabilitation approach by consultant physicians of the rehabilitation department within the Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund (German pension insurance agency). The clinical relevance of this assignment was evaluated at the Rehazentrum Bad Pyrmont-Klinik Weser within a randomised controlled trial. In a sample of 363 rehabilitants the agreement of consultant physicians with the ratings of physicians and psychologists in the clinic was analyzed. We also tested whether rehabilitants treated in their assigned approach benefit more from the treatment than patients who by randomisation were not treated in their assigned approach. Results indicate that psychiatric comorbidity frequently is taken into consideration as a decision-making criterion in the assignment made by the consultant physicians. However, there is only little agreement between the assignment by consultant physicians and the ratings by treating physicians and psychologists. Further, rehabilitants treated in their assigned approach did not benefit more from the treatment than patients who due to randomisation had not been treated in their assigned approach but in the other. Therefore, the procedure applied so far for assigning rehabilitants to either the traditional or the multidisciplinary rehabilitation approach is not sufficiently valid. Concluding, implications for the modification of assignment criteria are discussed.
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