No abstract

General recommendations regarding proper type designation of names of taxa described by Turczaninow in his Animadversiones series of articles (as well as in some other publications) are provided. It is concluded that, as clearly indicated in the protologues, all (or almost all) taxa described in these publications are based on specimens from the private herbarium of Turczaninow which was donated in the 1840s to the Kharkiv University (CWU) and in the 1940s was transferred to the Institute of Botany in Kyiv (KW). Consequently, holotypes and syntypes of these taxa are now almost exclusively in KW. Several cases of correct and incorrect type designations are discussed, specifically of some South American Brassicaceae, Geraniaceae and Hypericaceae, Central American Malvaceae, and southern African Polygalaceae. Information on the rediscovered holotype (KW) of Abelmoschus achanioides Turcz. (now accepted as Malvaviscus achanioides (Turcz.) Fryxell, Malvaceae) is provided, and an earlier lectotypification of that name with a specimen from G is considered ineffective. The holotype of Stenocalyx involutus Turcz. (now considered a synonym of Mezia includens (Benth.) Cuatrec., Malpighiaceae) was originally in the Turczaninow herbarium, but the whole folder with that specimen is now missing in KW (considered lost or destroyed), and it was already missing in the mid-1920s, when the collection was still in CWU. Because of that the lectotype of S. involutus is designated here, the specimen from MPU, to replace the lost or destroyed holotype. The need for thorough analysis of protologues, available original material, and associated information for correct type designation/indication is emphasized.

Artemisia mongolica, initially described as A. vulgaris var. mongolica, is lectotypified by a specimen annotated by Besser (the author of the basionym) that originated from Fischer’s herbarium and is deposited in the Besser Memorial Collection at KW, with three isolectotypes in LE. An earlier neotypification by Filatova (2003) is therefore unnecessary. Further nomenclatural and historical notes are provided on the original material and publication of the name.

Artemisia umbrosa, initially described as A. vulgaris var. umbrosa, is an East Asian species that has been introduced and is now locally naturalized in some European countries. It has a complicated nomenclatural and taxonomic history. The name Artemisia umbrosa has been misapplied to related taxa of Artemisia sect. Artemisia, including A. verlotiorum, and several other names were erroneously applied to that taxon. The authorship of the species was variously cited in earlier literature (as "Turcz. ex DC.", "Turcz. ex Besser", "(Besser) Turcz. ex DC.", "(Turcz. ex DC.) Pamp.", "(Turcz. ex Besser) Pamp.", etc.). We demonstrate here that the basionym A. vulgaris var. umbrosa was first validated in 1832 (not 1834) by Besser. The species-rank combination A. umbrosa was validated not by Pampanini in 1930 but by Verlot in 1875, and thus the proper authorship citation of the name is A. umbrosa (Turcz. ex Besser) Turcz. ex Verlot. Despite the fact that Verlot misapplied the name A. umbrosa to the species later described as A. verlotiorum, his combination is valid and legitimate. Some other names misapplied to A. umbrosa are briefly considered (such as A. codonocephala auct. non Diels, A. dubia auct. non Wall. ex Besser, A. lavandulifolia auct. non DC., nom. illeg., etc.). The lectotype and other available original specimens of A. umbrosa (especially those from the Turczaninow and Besser historical herbaria at KW) are discussed. A brief overview of records of A. umbrosa (reported under several names) in Eastern Europe is provided.