The work in the area of machine translation has been going on for last few decades but the promising translation work began in the early 1990s due to advanced research in Artificial Intelligence and Computational Linguistics. India is a multilingual and multicultural country with over 1.25 billion population and 22 constitutionally recognized languages which are written in 12 different scripts. This necessitates the automated machine translation system for English to Indian languages and among Indian languages so as to exchange the information amongst people in their local language. Many usable machine translation systems have been developed and are under development in India and around the world. The paper focuses on different approaches used in the development of Machine Translation Systems and also briefly described some of the Machine Translation Systems along with their features, domains and limitations.

This paper describes the architecture of a Machine Translation System with source language as English and target language as Marathi. The basic approach used for the development of this system is Rule Based Machine Translation. The basic algorithm for obtaining the correct word order in the target language was developed based on specific traversals of the parse tree. One of the special features of the system is a Word Sense Disambiguation model. Presently only prepositions will be disambiguated and work is going on for verbs and nouns. The model is a generalized approach based on the categories/domains a word belongs to. Another feature is the target language generation module. The focus is on the grammar structure of the target language that will produce better and smoother translations. The architecture though developed specifically for English -Marathi language pair, may be extended to other language pairs with similar structure. The architecture is partially implemented in the form of Machine Translation system. A lexicon is built for morphological and semantic properties. The results, even at partial implementation stage, are really encouraging.

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Due to globalization English has become the official language of the world. About 71 million people speak Marathi as their native tongue. The major goal of proposed system is to develop software system which would translate Marathi Simple Assertive and Interrogative Sentences to corresponding English sentences. The quality of translation of existing system is very coarse. Since, there exist no fully functional Marathi to English Translation Systems; using rulebased approach we intend to develop one such system to produce translation with better quality.