The article discusses the vascular age concept and modern approaches to assessing vascular age. It describes modern methods for measuring arterial stiffness (applanation tonometry or ultrasonic Doppler examination) as the most frequently used index of vascular age. The authors discuss the role of antihypertensive therapy and statins in preventing early vascular aging, and the relationship between the role of achieving lower blood pressure levels and the choice of certain antihypertensive agents to reduce arterial stiffness and ensure optimal vascular age. Increased arterial stiffness has been reported to be a marker of risk for developing severe complications of cardiovascular diseases, in particular, a meta-analysis showed that after taking into account the known risk factors for developing cardiovascular complications, higher carotid stiffness was associated with an increased risk of stroke. It is stated that in addition to biological age, vascular age may increase due to the cumulative effect of such risk factors as high blood pressure, impaired glucose homeostasis, obesity and hypercholesterolemia. Modern approaches to the preservation and maintenance of vascular age are discussed. The key role of achieving lower blood pressure levels is considered. It is emphasized that the role of combination drugs in preventing complications of cardiovascular diseases is strengthened, and approaches to choosing the optimal components of such combination drugs are also considered. The relationship between increased arterial stiffness and the development of cognitive disorders is discussed. The article describes the role of statins and effectiveness of the concomitant use of statins and combination antihypertensive therapy in reducing the pulse wave velocity.
1 Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования Россия, 125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1 2 Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского Россия, 129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3 В статье рассматриваются современные подходы к выбору тактики антигипертензивной терапии с использованием комбинированных антигипертензивных препаратов с постоянными дозами или с использованием свободных комбинаций антигипертензивных препаратов. Приводятся данные о том, что в современных условиях лечения артериальной гипертонии использование гибкого подхода к выбору тактики применения комбинированных антигипертензивных препаратов представляется более обоснованным. В частности, с учетом результатов анализа данных об участниках рандомизированного клинического исследования SPRINT обсуждается вопрос о характеристиках больных с артериальной гипертонией, у которых для улучшения прогноза может быть полезно снижение артериального давления (АД) до более низких целевых уровней. Обсуждаются подходы к уменьшению частоты развития нежелательных явлений, обусловленных антигипертензивной терапией, у таких больных в целом, и у больных пожилого и старческого возраста, имеющих не только высокую вероятность достижения преимуществ более интенсивных режимов антигипертензивной терапии по влиянию на прогноз, но и более высокий риск осложнений, обусловленных терапией. Обсуждается проблема менее высокой эффективности применения воспроизведенных антигипертензивных препаратов («дженериков») по сравнению с оригинальными препаратами. Ключевые слова: антигипертензивная терапия, комбинированные антигипертензивные препараты, амлодипин. Для цитирования: Гиляревский С.Р., Голшмид М.В., Захарова Г.Ю., Кузьмина И.М., Синицина И.И. Гибкий режим применения комбинированной антигипертензивной терапии в условиях снижения артериального давления до более низких целевых уровней: взгляд кардиолога и клинического фармаколога. Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии 2019;15(2):265-270.Modern tactics of antihypertensive therapy with fixed dose combination or with free combinations of antihypertensive drugs are reviewed in the article. The evidence that a flexible regimen of combination antihypertensive therapy is more reasonable in the modern treatment of arterial hypertension is presented. The question of the characteristics of hypertensive patients in whom lowering blood pressure to lower target levels may be useful to improve the prognosis is discussed considering the results of the analysis of data on participants in a randomized clinical trial SPRINT. Approaches to reducing the incidence of adverse events caused by antihypertensive therapy in such patients in general and in elderly and senile patients who have not only a higher likelihood of achieving advantages of more intensive antihypertensive therapy regimens for influencing the prognosis, but also a higher risk of complications, due to therapy are considered. The problem of less high efficacy of using replicated antihypertensive drugs (generics) compared to...
The article discusses results of secondary analysis of the data obtained in the SPRINT study and published in recent years. Unresolved issues in the tactics of managing patients with arterial hypertension are discussed. One of such issues is choosing an optimum level of blood pressure (BP) for a subgroup of patients with certain characteristics, including elderly and senile patients, patients with chronic kidney disease, and patients with arterial hypertension who continue smoking. The article discusses calculation of a threshold of risk for complications of cardiovascular diseases, at which a maximum advantage of intensified regimens of antihypertensive therapy could be achieved. In addition, the article addresses approaches to selection of antihypertensive drugs in the current conditions. The authors discussed the role of candesartan in the treatment of arterial hypertension, a sartan most studied in a broad range of patients. The issue of a rapid increase in BP without a damage to target organs is addressed; evidence for the role of captopril in such clinical situation is provided.
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