School violence theoretical research has been falling behind in the field of education research. An explanatory deficit emerges and therefore also theoretical, with certain reductionism and a proliferation of behavior measurement. This article focuses on the need of moving from a binary object that puts apart, sometimes in terms of opposition, the school from society, to an object of study with three dimensions: (i) different forms of violence produced by the school itself; (ii) different forms of violence that are reproduced at the school; (iii) different forms of violence that pass through the school. This triadic reformulation of the object of study is the result from a line of research and the review of indexed literature between 1990 and 2015.Key words: violence, school, problematic approach, dichotomy, triadic approach.
ResumenLa dimensión teórica del estudio de la violencia escolar ha quedado rezagada en el campo de la investigación en educación. Se constata un déficit explicativo y en consecuencia de orden teórico, con ciertos reduccionismos y una proliferación de mediciones de conductas. En este artículo se plantea la necesidad de pasar de un objeto binario que separa, a veces en términos de oposición, la escuela de la sociedad a un objeto de estudio de tres dimensiones: (i) las violencias que produce la escuela; (ii) las violencias que se reproducen en la escuela; (iii) las violencias que cruzan la escuela. Esta reformulación tríadica del objeto de estudio es producto de una línea de investigación y de la revisión de la literatura indexada entre el año 1990 y 2015.Palabras clave: violencia, escuela, abordaje problemático, dicotomía, enfoque triádico.
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