The increasing burden of interpersonal violence in women in Mexico is a neglected social and health problem that competes with other leading causes of premature death, disability, and health losses in young women. In this article, we focus on revealing the burden of violence in girls and young women and its implications for public policy. This study presents the subnational analysis of Mexico from the Global Burden of Disease study (1990-2015). The global study harmonized information of 195 countries and 79 risk factors. The study analyzed the deaths, years of life lost to premature death (YLL), years lived with disability (YLD), and the healthy years of life lost or disability-adjusted life year (DALY) related to violence. Nationwide, violence in young women accounts for 7% of all deaths in the 10 to 29 years age group and arises as the second most important cause of death in all age groups, except 10 to 14 years old, where it stands in the seventh position from 1990 to 2015. The health losses and social impact related to violence in young women demands firm actions by the government and society. It is urgent for health institutions to focus on the health of girls and young women because gender inequities have an enormous effect on their lives. Girls and women are nearly universally less powerful, less privileged, and have fewer opportunities than men.

La mayoría de los adolescentes que viven violencia en el noviazgo reportan ser testigos de violencia interparental o haber sufrido algún tipo de abuso infantil. En contraparte, se ha encontrado que las relaciones familiares pueden ser un factor protector. El objetivo de esta investigación cuantitativa es determinar si la violencia interparental y la exposición al abuso infantil predicen la violencia en el noviazgo y si los estilos de comunicación interparental no violentos protegen contra esta. El estudio fue transversal descriptivo y los datos se recolectaron mediante una encuesta con escalas específicas para medir las variables. La muestra fue no probabilística e incluyó a 870 estudiantes de ambos sexos (rango de edad 12-16 años, M=13, SD=.99); la información se recopiló a través de un cuestionario autoaplicable. Los análisis de regresión mostraron que quienes atestiguaron violencia interparental y/o sufrieron violencia infantil cuentan con un mayor riesgo de ser agresores o víctimas y quienes observaron estilos de comunicación sin violencia interparental tuvieron menos riesgo. Se concluyó que es necesario trabajar con cuidadores primarios de adolescentes en programas de prevención.

En este estudio se evalúan los cambios producidos en las áreas del conocimiento, las actitudes y habilidades de los participantes de un programa de prevención e intervención en violencia en el noviazgo. Se planteó un diseño cuasiexperimental (pretest-postest) con grupo control (n=66) y grupo experimental (n=47). La muestra total fue de 113 participantes con edades entre los 12 y 13 años y una media de edad de 12.5 años (DE= .55) en una escuela secundaria pública de la Ciudad de México. Para medir pretest-postest se utilizaron escalas que miden violencia en el noviazgo, sexismo, acoso escolar (bullying), autoestima y conductas prosociales. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el pretest-postest entre el grupo control y el experimental en las escalas de violencia en el noviazgo y de sexismo. En el grupo experimental se encontraron diferencias significativas en el pretest-postest en las escalas de autoestima y bullying. Se sugiere replicar el “Programa de prevención e intervención en violencia en el noviazgo” ya que presenta una estructura metodológica que podría generar cambios actitudinales y de conocimiento en los adolescentes.

Intercuspation position (ICP) constitutes the occlusal reference position of the mandible while centric relation (CR) represents the articular reference position. The concept of CR depicts a key component in routine dental clinical practice due to the need for a mandibular position determined not to be dental. But a consensus on this particular topic has still not been achieved even after nearly a century of discussions with scientific and clinical arguments. A remarkable number of dental schools, restrained in their own certainty are struggling with the concept of a non-dental determined reference position, even now after many generations and decades of scientific stress. Unproductive quarrels dominate the development and consequently, a lack of reciprocal expansion of knowledge can be observed. In addition, misunderstandings bring up walls of virtual disagreements. Without pretending to have a universal knowledge, a reconnecting concept on this particular subject can be formulated, based on elementary logic and simple principles of anatomy, physiology and biomechanics. The objective of this tutorial paper is to compose and present such a concept on the basis of the scientific literature and as a synthesis of research data. The practitioner controls the homogeneity of the simple rotational character by digital perception. The absence of muscle tension (vertical oscillations) and of translation (sagittal oscillations) is an indicator for homogeneity. The patient himself gently activates his own closing movement and by doing so the correct coaptation of the condyle and disc along the articular tubercle is established. The occipital support, the light mandibular stabilization by chin control, the information of the patient before and during the procedure, the repetition of the exercise and the peripheral information through the engrammation of the localization of premature contact are parameters which facilitate the achievement of CR.

Date Presented 4/17/2015 The results of the study show that priming in either word or symbol format led to an increased recognition of road signs in both younger and older adult drivers.