Problem statement: Cucumis trigonus Roxb fruit is used for various ailments in Indian traditional system of medicine such as anthelmintic, liver tonic, cardio tonic, appetizer, expectorant and intellect promoting. However, there is lack of information regarding the effect of Cucumis trigonus on the cardiac changes associated with ISO induced myocardial infarction. Approach: The present study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective potential of ethanol extract of Cucumis Trigonus Roxb fruit (CTE) on the basis of electrocardiographic, biochemical and histopathological parameters in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats. Male albino sprague dawely rats were pretreated with CTE (75 and 150 mg kg −1) daily for a period of 14 days. After the treatment period, ISO (200 mg kg −1) was subcutaneously injected to rats at an interval of 24 h for two days to induce myocardial injury. After 48 h, rats were anaesthetized with anesthetic ether, electrocardiographic and the levels of biochemical and histological observations of the heart tissues were performed. Results: The activities of serum marker enzymes (ALT, AST, LDH and CPK) were increased significantly (p<0.05) in ISO-induced rats. In addition, it also exhibited Electrocardiographic (ECG) changes such as increase heart rate, reduced R-wave amplitude and ST-segment elevation. CTE at concentration of 150 mg kg −1 , when administered orally showed a decrease in serum enzyme levels and the ECG changes brought to the near normal values. The observed results were further confirmed by histopathological findings. The histological sections obtained from ISO alone showed various degrees of focal lesions in many sections, consisting molted staining and fragmentation of muscle fibers with confluent retrogressive lesions were observed. Animals treated with CTE demonstrated marked improvement in ISO-induced alterations such as vacuolar changes, edema, capillary dilatation and leukocyte infiltration compared to ISO administered group. Conclusion: Our data showed that CTE (150 mg kg −1 , p.o.) significantly restores most of the electrocardiographic, biochemical and histopathological parameters. The present study concluded that CTE may be therapeutic and prophylactic value in the treatment of myocardial infarction.

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This survey was conducted to estimate the number of cancer patients in the region of Guntur-based on sex, age and cancer groups. The data were obtained from the hospital-based registries from Bommidala Cancer Institute, NRI Hospital<strong>, </strong>Balaji Cancer Care Center<strong>, </strong>and Govt. General Hospital, which was scrutinized and analysed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The hospital registry entry was considered suitable for assessing the cancer cases in the region of Guntur. In addition, data of NCRP were utilised for comparing the obtained results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data comprehensively constitutes of 309 patients. Out of which men were 74 (23.95%), and women were 235 (76.05%) who had obtained treatment for various cancer conditions between March-May, 2016. In these hospitals, cancers pertaining to the cervix-83 (31.32%), breast-52 (19.62%), ovary–17 (6.41%), lymphoid-11 (4.15%), pharynx-10 (3.77%), endometrium-10 (3.77%), astrocytoma-08 (3.02%), colon-07 (2.64%), larynx-06 (2.26%), rectum–06 (2.26%), oesophagus–05 (1.88%), post cricoids-04 (1.50%), stomach–04 (1.50%), liver–03 (1.13%) were the leading sites in order. While among these cases, radiation therapy patients were 194 (62.78%), chemotherapy patients were 78 (25.24%), and surgery patients were 37 (11.97 %).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Survey reports the highest incidence of cancer cases to be cervix cancer among the women while it was pharyngeal cancer which precedes lung cancer among the men. This hospital-based registry survey is a report that provided internal consistency, reliability and validity.</p>

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Objective: To study the protective role of fruit extract of Anacardium occidentale (cashew apple) in aluminum-induced cognitive dysfunction and oxidative damage in albino rat, and to explore the neuroprotective effect of A. occidentale represented by behavior and memory tests. Methods:Male Wistar rats (30) were divided into 5 groups of 6 rats each. Group I received normal saline. Group II was administered orally with aluminum chloride (100 mg/kg). Group III received rivastigmine 0.3 mg/kg body orally. Groups IV and V were administered with A. occidentale 200 and 400 mg/kg along with aluminum chloride of 100 mg/kg orally after 1 hr interval. The study was carried out for 42 days (6 weeks). The behavioral assessment was performed using Rota-rod apparatus and Elevated plus maze and Biochemical parameters from brain homogenate such as acetylcholinesterase activity, total protein, lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione reductase (GR) were estimated. All the data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test. Results:The % reduction of acetylcholinesterase, GR observed in A.O (400 mg/kg) dose as compared with that of standard drug was found to be 87.5% and 89%, respectively, whereas % reduction of catalase and SOD observed in A.O (400 mg/kg) dose as compared with that of standard drug was found to be 97% and 99%, respectively. Conclusion:This study demonstrates A. occidentale fruit has a neuroprotective effect against aluminum-induced behavioral changes.