Differences in the degree of damage to cell membranes in small-seeded and large-seeded (plate) varieties of lentils of the world collection of VIR named after V.I. N.I. Vavilov. An assessment of the relative drought resistance of lentils by determining the exosmosis of electrolytes from plant leaves made it possible to identify samples with the lowest cell membrane permeability as an indirect indicator of drought resistance. High resistance to "physiological drought" in laboratory conditions was noted in the following samples: 2021 - k-2872 (USA), k-2850 (Russia), k-1043 (Italy), k-2839 (Canada), k-2365 (Sweden), k-1964 (Ethiopia); 2022 - k-1850 (Armenia), k-2850 (Russia), k-2365 (Sweden). Therefore, it is purposeful to include samples k-2850 (Russia) and k-2365 (Sweden) as highly resistant in breeding programs to create a valuable initial material of lentils in the arid zones of the Russian Federation. Samples of lentils with increased adaptive potential are proposed. Keywords: LENTILS, COLLECTION, SAMPLE, EXOSMOSIS, DEGREE OF DAMAGE, CELL MEMBRANES

Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) is widely cultivated in arid conditions of southern countries for fodder and food purposes, and also as a green manure crop. The soil and climatic conditions of the Lower Volga region are quite favorable for the cultivation of the grass pea. This makes it possible to expand the area under crops to meet such goals of the food program as increasing the production of protein for food and feed purposes. The study of the breeding material of the grass pea makes it possible to supplement the gene pool of high-protein crops. The article presents the results of the use of biometric methods for assessing the gene pool of the grass pea. Statistical indicators of the sample, coefficients of variation of traits were identified, significant differences in the breeding material for the studied traits were noted. The yield of gross energy with seeds was determined: 16,66-33,51 GJ/ha. Keywords: GRASS PEA, LINE, PRODUCTIVITY, VARIATION, PROTEIN, SELECTION

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