Annotation. The main cause of long-term wound healing is chronic inflammation, microcirculation disorders, and bacterial contamination of wound surfaces with the formation of biofilms. The frequency of trophic ulcers of the lower extremities, microbial resistance, and a significant recurrence rate (20-70%) is a topical issue today. The purpose of this work is to establish their bacterial component and possible relationships with microcirculation depending on the etiology of decompensated chronic venous insufficiency in order to improve the healing of trophic ulcers. From 2018 to 2022, 174 patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) C6 according to CEAP, aged from 38 to 69 years (on average, 55±5.3 years), were treated in the surgical clinic of the regional hospital. To monitor microflora and susceptibility to prescribed antimicrobials, a bacteriological study was conducted comparing the widely used paper disc method with the quantitative method of measuring the minimum concentration of growth inhibition. The study of the microcirculation of the skin of the lower extremities was carried out taking into account the angiosomal approach on the TCM 400 Radiometer device (Denmark). The study used the ratio of the value obtained in the first metacarpal area of the lower limbs to the same value in the chest. Statistical processing and analysis of the obtained results was performed using the Jamovi program. Analysis of the selected samples showed the diversity of the polymicrobial community, Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp.) were detected in the upper layers of the biofilm, Gram-negative and microscopic fungi Malassezia and Candida – in the deep layers. Anaerobic microorganisms (Prevotella spp., Porphorymonas spp.) were also isolated from samples of such wounds in 2%. When studying the microbial landscape of ulcers, it was found that the share of Staphylococcus spp. is: 65%; Enterococcus spp. – 60%; Pseudomonas spp. – 39%; Proteus spp., Enterobacter spp. and Citrobacter spp. – about 25%; Streptococcus spp. – 26%; Escherichia spp. – 15%; Morganella spp. – 9%; Klebsiella spp., Acinetobacter spp. – 4%; Xanthomonas spp., Prevotella spp., Porphorymonas spp. – 2%, respectively. Fungi culture Candida spp. and Malassezia spp were detected in all patients with CVI in the decompensation stage. The change in tcpCO2 indicators (46.4±1.4) is observed more in patients with gram-negative infectious agents and more acidic pH. In the group of patients where Gr+ infectious agents were detected, the average tcpCO2 level was 44.6±1.5.

Annotation. The opiate system of the skin modulates inflammation and regeneration, while metabolic products of some bacteria and fungi disrupt the skin barrier and cause inflammation. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate the effect of beta-endorphin (BE) on the lipolytic activity (LA) of Malassezia spp. isolated from both seborrheic areas and healthy skin of patients with seborrheic dermatitis. The study included 42 patients with moderate and severe forms of SD, with positive growth of Malassezia spp., and 17 medical workers without any skin diseases constituting the control group. Two smears were taken from the SD patients: from the face, specifically inflamed areas affected by SD, and intact skin of the sternum. Samples were transferred to MLNA (37°C; 72 h), colonies were suspended in Dixon broth, and 500 nmol/L human BE was added (3 days; 32 °C). 1 ml of the suspension was then applied to yolk agar (7 days; 35 °C). The precipitation zone was considered a sign of the presence of LA. The following statistical research methods were used: chi-square test, Mann-Whitney t-test, and Student’s test. Half of the Malassezia spp. isolated from healthy individuals did not show any LA before and after BE exposure. 69% of samples obtained from healthy areas and 95% of samples from inflamed skin areas from SD patients had LA. After BE stimulation, all samples from healthy areas of SD patients had LA. In healthy individuals, the average value of the LA did not show a significant difference after BE exposure (0.99 (0.99-1.00) vs 0.95 (0.92-0.97) p=0.358). In patients with SD, the intensity of lipolysis significantly increased. In samples obtained from healthy areas, the difference in LA was smaller than in samples from inflamed skin areas (0.06 p≤0.031; 0.22 p≤0.001). However, when comparing the intensity of LA in samples from healthy areas of SD patients and healthy individuals, no significant difference was found either before or after BE stimulation (0.91 (0.86-0.95) vs 0.95 (0.92-0.97) p=0.173). It was established that BE increases the LA of Malassezia spp., which colonizes the inflamed skin areas of patients with SD. Further research using opioid receptor blockers for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis would be a logical next step.

No abstract

Background: Condensed triazoles are a well-known class of heterocyclic compounds due to a wide range of biological activity. The study is dedicated to the evaluation of the antimicrobial potential of new functional derivatives of thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazoles. Methods: Effective, easy-to-implement and low-cost routes to the production of title compounds via electrophilic intramolecular heterocyclization are reported. Bactericidal and fungicidal activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and fungus were studied. The influence of functional groups on the biological activity of tested thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazoles is discussed. Results: Microbiological evaluation shows that 6-[(trichlorotellanyl)methyl]-[1,3]thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazol-3-amine hydrogen chloride 2a and 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(trichloro-λ4-tellanyl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-[1,3]thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazole 2g have a high bactericidal activity and Cu (I) salts of 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-6-iodomethyl/6-methylidene-5,6-dihydro-[1,3]thiazolo-[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazoles 5a,c have a high fungicidal activity. Conclusion: it must be concluded that these products or their derivatives may be of practical benefit as bactericidal and fungicidal agents.

In geometric modeling of contours, especially for conjugation of sections of flat contours of the first order of smoothness, arcs of circles can be applied. The article proposes ways to determine the equations of a circle for two ways of its problem: the problem of a circle with a point and two tangents, none of which contains a given point, and the problem of a circle with three tangents. The equations of the circles were determined in both cases using a projective coordinate system. In the first case, when a circle is given by a point and two tangents, neither of which contains this point, the center of the conjugation circle is defined as the point of intersection of two locus of points - the bisector of the angle between the tangents and the parabola, the focus of which is a given point. given tangents. In the general case, there are 2 conjugation circles for which canonical equations are defined. Parametric equations of conjugate circles, the parameters of which are equal to 0 and ∞ on tangents and equal to one at a given point, with the help of affine and projective coordinates of points of contact are determined first in the projective coordinate system, and then translated into affine system. For the second case, when specifying a circle using three tangent lines, the equation of the second-order curve tangent to these lines is first determined in the projective coordinate system. The tangent lines are taken as the coordinate lines of the projective coordinate system. The unit point of the projective coordinate system is selected in the metacenter of the thus obtained base triangle. The equation of the tangent to the base lines of the second order contains two unknown variables, positive or negative values ​​which determine the location of four possible tangents of the second order. After writing the vector-parametric equation of the tangent curve of the second order in the affine coordinate system, the equation is written to determine the parameters of cyclic points. In order for the equation of the tangent curve of the second order obtained in the projective plane to be an equation of a circle, it must satisfy the coordinates of the cyclic points of the plane, which allows to write the second equation to determine the parameters of cyclic points. By solving a system of two equations, we obtain the required equations of circles tangent to three given lines.