The article analyzes the religious situation in the Ukrainian society, as well as its impact on the formation and development of military-religious relations in the Armed Forces of Ukraine in 1991–2017. Religion, as one of the leading forms of social consciousness, is an important factor in the formation of civil society and in the development of channels of its communication with state institutions. The Church has traditionally played the role of an important subject of the socio-political life in the history of the Ukrainian people. The relationship between Russian-Ukrainian relations and their impact on state-religious relations in Ukraine and its Armed Forces has been studied. The main tendencies of the development of military-religious relations in the Armed Forces of Ukraine have been clarified. The transformation processes that influenced the change of the existing models of support of religious needs for the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the studied period, are analyzed here/in this article. In particular, some historical aspects of socio-political processes that influenced the formation and development of military-religious relations, and the institutionalization of the military clergy (chaplaincy) of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the period under study are highlighted. In today’s conditions, military chaplains have gained significant experience of service in the war zone, have strong national and patriotic convictions, are able to withstand significant psychological and physical stress, and are ready to carry out pastoral service in any environment.

ISSN 2409-6806 ВСЕСВІТНЯ ІСТОРІЯ Наукові записки Національного університету «Острозька акаде мія», серія «Історичні науки», № 27, 2018 р. 270 УДК 94(477) «1944-46» Галина Стародубець ГЕНДЕРНІ СТРАТЕГІЇ БІЛЬШОВИЦЬКОЇ ВЛАДИ В УМОВАХ РАДЯНІЗАЦІЇ ЗАХІДНИХ ОБЛАСТЕЙ УКРАЇНИ ТА БІЛОРУСІЇ В 1944-1946 РР. У статті аналізуються форми і методи реалізації гендерних стратегій більшовицької влади в умовах радянізації західних областей України та Білорусії в 1944-1946 рр. Зроблено висновок про активне залучення жіноцтва цих регіонів до процесу радянізації. Шляхом створення жіночих відділів у структурі обкомів партії держава отримала можливість мобілізовувати жінок на відбудову народного господарства, проведення публічних заходів агітаційно-пропагандистського характеру. Жінки західноукраїнського регіону часто використовувалися партійно-радянською владою як інструменти антиповстанської боротьби. Ключові слова: гендерна політика, жінки, радянська влада, західні області, жіночі відділи, Білорусія, радянізація. Галина Стародубець ГЕНДЕРНЫЕ СТРАТЕГИИ БОЛЬШЕВИСТСКОЙ ВЛАСТИ В УСЛОВИЯХ СОВЕТИЗАЦИИ ЗАПАДНЫХ ОБЛАСТЕЙ УКРАИНЫ И БЕЛОРУССИИ В 1944-1946 ГГ. В статье анализируются формы и методы реализации гендерных стратегий большевистской власти в условиях советизации западных областей Украины и Белоруссии в 1944-1946 годах. Автор пришла к выводу об активном привлечении женщин этих регионов в процесс советизации. Путем создания женских отделов в структуре обкомов компартии государство получило возможность мобилизовать женщин на восстановление народного хозяйства, проведения публичных мероприятий агитационно-пропагандистского характера. Женщины западноукраинского региона часто использовались властью как инструменты антиповстанческой борьбы.Ключевые слова: гендерная политика, женщины, советская власть, западные области, женские отделы, Белоруссия, советизация. the article. We arrived at the conclusion about the active involvement of women in these regions to the process of Sovietization. The state was able to mobilize women to rebuild the national economy, to carry out public propaganda campaigns through the creation of women's departments in the structure of the party's regional committees. Women of the Western Ukrainian region were often used by the party-soviet authorities as tools of anti-rebellion struggle.It is noted that the policy of Sovietization of the western regions of both republics clearly contains the main goal of the implementation of its gender component -to turn the «woman-housewife» into an «activist woman» by voluntarily forcibly involving her in participation in public-political life.

Summary. The purpose of the study is to identify models of femininity in the gender policy of the Stalinist regime in relation to the rural part of Western Ukrainian women in the first postwar decade; to analyze the ways and methods of their construction by instruments of party propaganda. The work is based on socio-cultural and feminist methodology, which requires the study of society taking into account its multicomponent nature, including such an important stratification parameter as "gender". In addition, the methodological guidelines of the study are the principles of historicism, systematization, scientificity, verification, as well as the use of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and special-historical (comparative, chronological and historical-systemic) methods. The scientific novelty is that for the first time in the historiography of the gender policy of the Stalinist regime in the western regions of Ukraine during the period of late Stalinism, the authors consider models of femininity constructed by Soviet propaganda in the context of forming the concept of "Soviet woman". Conclusions. The gender policy of the Stalinist regime towards the rural part of Western Ukrainian women in the first postwar decade was directed primarily to involve women to the process of Sovietization of the region. It was clearly mobilizing and ethocratic in nature. The narrative of an emancipated Soviet woman, equal to a man in the Soviet Union opposed to the "oppressed mercenary of Polish lords" of the "lordly Poland" period was imposed on society with the help of party propaganda. Using the traditional set of tools from the propaganda arsenal, the authorities methodically and purposefully worked on forming the image of the "Soviet woman". As a result, several basic models of femininity with their inherent inverse of gender roles – "woman-activist", "woman-collective farmer", "woman-leader" were constructed.

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The aim of the article is to define the specifics of formation of future history teachers’ professional competencies. Research competencies are seen among preferential ones, which are to be acquired by higher education applicants of the educational qualification Master in Secondary Education (History). The empirical basis of the research is the results obtained by instructors of the Department during teaching the special courses “History of Stalinism” and “History of New Independent States”. The article highlights methodological techniques and practices, implemented by educationalists in the process of teaching the mentioned special courses, aiming at forming professional competencies of students obtaining Master’s degree. Using the materials of the laboratory “Studying the Soviet Past of the Stalin’s Era” (audio and video recordings of interviews with women from villages in Zhytomyr Region, who were raised in the conditions of the Stalin’s regime) is the peculiarity of the educational process. The focus of attention is the methodology of organization of students’ work with archive sources, scientific literature and narrative texts.