Bridging political geography, childhood studies, and comparative education, this article examines how the early literacy textbooks of post-Soviet Armenia, Latvia, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Ukraine attempt to engender a national 'sociospatial consciousness' in the minds of their young readers. The concept of 'pedagogies of space' offers a theoretical lens through which the authors examine how politics and culture shape representations of the spatial, embedding childhood within particular national landscapes and inscribing these spaces within the mythology of the homeland. Textbook analysis reveals that post-Soviet childhood(s) appear to be constructed within specific contexts and therefore 'rooted' in particular memories and myths, always irrevocably linked to particular (national) geographies. Not only does this 'rootedness' attempt to delimit how children think of themselves, but it also shapes the contours of how 'childhood' is, and can be, imagined in these contexts.In the post-Soviet states, nation-building processes have gone beyond the remapping of the physical space in mere political terms, involving the redrawing of political borders and territories. Rather, they have also involved a symbolic (re)imagination of spatial units (states) in an attempt to reflect social, cultural, and ethnic units (nations), thereby producing the idealized sociopolitical alchemy of our time -the nation state (Sparke, 2005;Silova et al, 2014). In this context, the shape and nature of the geographic landscapes and state boundaries have been constituted through a complex and continuously tenuous network of cultural discourses (Bhabha, 1999), forming a collective
Los niños constituyeron un elemento clave del proyecto de construcción del imperio soviético, la reconfiguración de la infancia y la remodelación del espacio colonial en sí. Los niños de diferentes etnias en los territorios de las repúblicas soviéticas debían estar unidos por el idioma ruso y por un sentimiento de patriotismo soviético, manifiesto en lemas políticos como la "amistad de todos", la "igualdad interétnica" y el "internacionalismo". El currículum educativo y las actividades se utilizaron para facilitar la "fusión" social y cultural de todos los grupos étnicos sobre la base del idioma y la cultura rusa soviética. Al mismo tiempo, el imperio soviético promulgó la idea de la "unidad en la diversidad", permitiendo a las minorías nacionales el derecho a la autodeterminación y cierta autonomía política dentro de un contexto socialista. Basándose en la teoría postcolonial y los estudios de geografía crítica, este artículo analiza cómo se usaron los libros de texto de alfabetización temprana para moldear la infancia soviética mediante la regularización de las mentes, los cuerpos y los hábitos de los niños, así como "ubicándolos" en el espacio y el tiempo del imperio. El artículo proporciona un breve contexto histórico del proyecto de construcción del imperio soviético, seguido de un análisis internacional de los libros de texto de alfabetización temprana publicados en Rusia, Armenia, Letonia y Ucrania. Nuestro objetivo es resaltar las continuidades, contradicciones y rupturas en la visión de la infancia soviética —y el futuro soviético de manera más amplia—, viajando desde el centro del Imperio (Moscú) a sus periferias geográficamente diversas (Armenia, Letonia y Ucrania).
Drawing on the concept of “pedagogies of time,” this article analyzes early literacy textbooks and our own childhood memories of temporal socialization in (post)Soviet Armenia, Georgia, and Latvia. While textbook analysis reveals purposeful socialization of children into modern linear timelines, memory stories interrupt these predetermined trajectories and shift attention toward multiple forms of temporalities that coexist alongside and entangle with each other. Using a speculative thought experiment, we “edit” a chronological timeline in one of the stories from early literacy textbooks as an attempt to simultaneously (re)write the dominant timespaces of socialist modernity and the way childhood appears there.
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