Billions of gallons of water are used annually to flush toilets in the United States. Consequences of this usage include consumption of natural resources and construction of new infrastructure to treat and transmit potable water and wastewater. Waterless, or no-flush urinals, may help mitigate these effects and offer other advantages, including lower utility charges, improved restroom hygiene, and decreased fixture maintenance. Some notable caveats include possible lack of acceptance by users, odor control problems, and rejection by code officials.As urine is about 96% liquid, no additional water is really needed to wash it down the drain. The waterless, urinal, looking much like its conventional counterpart, takes advantage o f this concept with generally positive results. This paper will discuss the design, applications, operation, maintenance, advantages, and disadvantages of waterless urinals. The results of two surveys of current users will be shared. A case study from a Texas school district will be also presented.

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Aims Impalpable breast lesions can be localised intraoperatively with Magseed and the Sentimag probe. Advantages over traditional wire localisation include reduced displacement, flexible insertion timescales, reduced patient anxiety and no requirement for radiation governance compared with radio-iodine seeds. We assess outcomes following introduction of Magseed localisation for impalpable breast lesions. Methods The first consecutive Magseeds inserted into breast lesions were identified from radiology records in a UK non-screening breast unit from July 2020 to March 2021. Indication for seed, intra-operative complications, margin involvement and re-excision rates were ascertained from electronic patient records. Caldicott / audit department approval was obtained. Results 63 Magseeds were inserted in 59 patients. Indications for seed localisation were invasive disease 81% (51/63), DCIS 8% (5/63) and B3 lesions 11% (7/63). 21% (10/47) of patients with invasive disease had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The median seed insertion to surgery time was 13 days. All patients underwent standard wide local excision or therapeutic mammoplasty. The lesion localisation rate and seed retrieval rate was 100%, however 2 magseeds (3%) were displaced during dissection. The margin re-excision rate was 15.3% (8/52) in patients with invasive and preinvasive disease. The upgrade rate for B3 lesions was 16.6% (1/6). Conclusions Magseed can be used to accurately localise impalpable breast lesions with acceptable margin re-excision rates. These findings during the learning curve would imply that this technique is easy to adopt. Insertion of seeds within 2 weeks of the operation is feasible and should improve radiologist's efficiency by avoiding on the day wire insertion.