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This chapter profiles the bounded rationality of two major candidates for US president in the 2016 presidential election. It identifies their philosophical beliefs regarding (1) the friendly or hostile nature of the political universe, (2) the achievement of fundamental political values, (3) the predictability of the future, (4) control over historical development, and (5) the role of chance in political life. It also examines their instrumental beliefs regarding (1) the optimum strategic approach to political goals, (2) tactical flexibility in carrying out a strategy, (3) calculation and management of risk, (4) role of timing, and (5) utility of various means in taking political action. These beliefs define a leader’s “operational code” regarding the exercise of power by self and others in world politics. The chapter extrapolates from these beliefs some game theory predictions for how Donald Trump or Hillary Clinton as the next US president would exercise power in world politics.
Higher education has been transformed by technology over the past two decades, and teaching and learning online has become considerably more prominent. We examine the extent to which journals in the discipline mirror the rising use of technology in the classroom in the frequency of articles they publish on teaching and learning with technology, with a major focus on online teaching. We find a relatively small share of articles focus on pedagogical technologies, including online teaching, and their impact on student learning. Our findings indicate that in light of the rapid and broad adoption of technology by college teachers, there is much opportunity to expand research on how large numbers of political science students learn in technology-infused classrooms, including online instruction.
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