Background Periodontal disease and pregnancy outcomes have been claimed to be associated with conflicting reports. The purpose of this study was to prospectively examine the association between maternal periodontal status, oral inflammatory load and serum C‐ reactive protein (CRP) level, and infant birth weight. Methods A total of 156 pregnant women (age 26.62 ± 3.93 years) within the gestational age group of 13 to 32 weeks participated in this cross‐sectional study. Oral inflammatory load (OIL) was assessed in a salivary rinse sample using fluorescence microscopy. Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded and serum C‐reactive protein level (CRP) was assessed. Participants were followed till delivery, details of parturition and infant birth weight (IBW) was recorded. Results OIL was significantly more in participants with mild and moderate periodontitis as compared to those with gingivitis in mid and late stages of pregnancy. Periodontal and systemic inflammatory parameters were positively correlated. A significant negative correlation was found between IBW and OIL (P = 0.006) and serum CRP (P < 0.001). The GI score (P = 0.039), BOP% (P = 0.023), serum CRP level (P < 0.001) and oral polymorphonuclear neutrophil (oPMN) count (P < 0.001) was significantly more in mothers delivering babies with low IBW. A multiple linear regression analysis showed that only oPMN (β = – 0.244, P = 0.021) and serum CRP (β = – 0.226, P = 0.019) were included in the best model (R2 = 0.12, F(3,152) = 7.15, P < 0.001) for significantly predicting the infant birth weight. Conclusions Poor maternal periodontal status, increased oral inflammatory load and increased systemic inflammation have an adverse effect on infant birth weight.

Adrita PURKAYASTHA (a) Rinkee MOHANTY (a) Rashmita NAYAK (a) Anurag SATPATHY (a) Abhaya Chandra DAS (a) Manoj KUMAR (a) Gatha MOHANTY (a) Sital PANDA (b) Massimo Del FABBRO (c)

Supernumerary tooth is a developmental anomaly and has been argued to arise from multiple etiologies. These teeth may remain embedded in the alveolar bone or can erupt into the oral cavity. They can cause a variety of complications in the develo­ping dentition. Supernumerary teeth can present in various forms and in any region of the mandible or maxilla, but have a predisposition for the anterior maxilla. Here is the presentation of a case of unusual location of supernumerary teeth located in between mandibular first and second molar region bilaterally.How to cite this article: Dhull KS, Dhull RS, Panda S, Acharya S, Yadav S, Mohanty G. Bilateral Mandibular Paramolars. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2014;7(1):40-42.

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Cryptosporidium infection was found in association with acute diarrhoeal disease in ten patients (13%) of a total of 77 children below the age of 8 years admitted over a period of 1 year to Bhubaneswar Capital Hospital, Orissa state, India. Contrary to another report from South India, there were no asymptomatic cryptosporidium oocyst excretors detected either in the matched control group of 42 children without diarrhoea or in a group of 113 healthy school children investigated. A clustering of seven cases occurred in the months of the rainy season and of three cases in the winter months. Nine out of 63 children (14.3%) below the age of 2 years were infected. Seven of the ten infected children were significantly below their expected weight-for-age, but the mean weight-for-age did not differ from those of the uninfected children. The possible epidemiological factors in the transmission of cryptosporidium are discussed.