BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a very common health problem in India. Pre-diabetes is defined by American Diabetes Association (ADA) as impaired fasting glucose (FBS 100-125 mg/dl), impaired glucose tolerance (plasma glucose 140-199 mg/dl after 75 gm 2 hrs. oral glucose tolerance test) or both. Lipid disorders are not atypical in diabetes. They contribute to the considerable increase in the risk of atherosclerosis and consequent mortality in diabetes and pre-diabetes. Hence, the present study aims at evaluating dyslipidaemia in pre-diabetic subjects. We wanted to study the prevalence of dyslipidaemia among prediabetic patients attending OPD in a tertiary care centre. METHODS An institution-based case control study was conducted over a period of 18 months in inpatient as well as the outpatient prediabetic patients at ESIC Hospital, Rajaji Nagar, Bangalore. Patients were screened for their glycaemic status by performing fasting sugar and post prandial glucose level or two hours oral glucose tolerance test. Qualifying patients underwent detailed history taking, clinical examination, fasting lipid profile and routine investigations. RESULTS After a thorough screening of a total of 100 patients with either Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) or Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) or both, they were included in the case group and 100 patients with normal glucose levels were included as controls in the study after consideration of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Dyslipidaemia was observed in 37 prediabetic patients and 16 patients in the control group. Out of the 100 patients with prediabetes (cases), the mean total cholesterol was 177.06 ± 27.16 mg/dl and the mean triglycerides were 145.25 ± 19.72 mg/dl, mean HDL-cholesterol was 46.88 ± 8.36 mg/dl, and mean LDL-cholesterol was 120.14 ± 15.85 mg/dl respectively. CONCLUSIONS Lipid disorders can be seen among prediabetes. Indians, being one of the groups with high prevalence of diabetes, diagnosis is often delayed through lifestyle interventions. Early identification and treatment of persons with prediabetic conditions has the potential to reduce both the incidence of diabetes as well as its complications.

Objective: The process of aging involves an individual’s structural and functional depravity of their organ systems often results in compromised pharmacological principles of the prescribed drugs. Multimorbidity and polypharmacy along with change in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses of drugs predispose the elderly to adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The present study was aimed to identify and report the characteristics and incidence of ADRs among geriatrics in an outpatient clinic. Methods: This was a 6-month prospective hospital-based observational study among patients of either sex aged 60 years and above visiting an outpatient clinic at the study site. The suspected ADRs were categorized according to the Will’s and Brown classification system. Causality of these ADRs was verified by applying the WHO-UMC criteria and the Naranjo’s scale. Severity and preventability of the ADRs were classified using the modified Hartwig and Siegel scale and modified Schumock and Thornton scale, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the risk factors for developing ADRs. Results: Among the 365 patients monitored, 57 (15%) patients experienced 60 ADRs. Therapeutic classes of drugs frequently associated with ADRs were the drugs used in hypertension (27 [45%]). Patients presenting with amlodipine (9 [15%]) induced pedal edema were observed with the highest frequency of ADRs. Polypharmacy (OR: 1.619, 95% confidence interval: 0.957−2.741, p=0.021) was observed as the influential risk factor for ADRs. Conclusion: Pharmacist’s services and involvement in geriatric patient’s centered care can be associated with their improved health, quality of life and economic outcomes, a reduction in medicine-related adverse events, and limiting the morbidity and mortality in this age band.