INTRODUCTION Cervical Cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide with an estimated 530,000 new cases and 275,000 deaths with overall incidents mortality ratio of 52 percent. It is estimated that during 2008, 134,420 new cases of Cancer Cervix accoutred in India (incidents rate of 27 per lakh population) and about 72,825 women died of the decease (mortality rate 15.2 per lakh population). 1 The key to reducing Cervical Cancer morbidity and mortality is early detection and treatment of cervical precancerous lesions. In India also, both early detection and screening remains a major concern to the health workers in the absence of screening facilities coupled with low awareness level of women. Sexually transmitted infection ABSTRACT Background: Cervical Cancer tops the list of cancers among women worldwide with an estimated new case of 530,000 and a mortality of 275,000 deaths annually with an overall mortality ratio of 52%. This can be largely prevented by early detection and timely screening tests. Awareness and education regarding this, is the key to curtail the rise of such cancers in the community. Objectives of the studies were to assess knowledge, attitude regarding cervical cancer among women of reproductive age group and to correlate with various socio-demographic & marital factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study among 200 women of reproductive age group, chosen conveniently for a period of two months from April to June 2014 at urban slums of Old Hubli was undertaken by a pretested and semi-structured questionnaire. Data collected by a house to house survey, entered in Ms Excel, analysed by SPSS v.20 and presented as Percentages and Proportion. Chi-square was applied for finding out the associations and those with p-value <0.05 were taken as statistically significant. Results: Out of the 200 female respondents belonged majorly to the 25-34 years age group at 43%. About 57% were Muslims. 30% of the women were illiterate and 19% of them had up to high school level of education. Around 65.5% of the respondents were housewives by occupation. Majority of them belonged to the lower socioeconomic strata with 54% falling under Stage 4 of Modified B. G. Prasad classification The Chi-square for awareness of cervical cancer is, X2 = 0.0858, where p>0.05, which is not significant. The Chi-square for awareness about Pap smear is, X2= 0.2442, where p>0.05, which is not significant. Conclusions: The study showed that awareness about cervical cancer was poor among women and also its screening tests, H.P.V vaccinations were never heard of in the community.

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Context:Antiretroviral adherence is the second strongest predictor of progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and death, after CD4 count. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been strongly correlated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viral suppression, reduced rates of resistance, an increase in survival, and improved quality of life.Aims:To determine the adherence rates and factors affecting adherence to ART among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA).Settings and Design:A Prospective study for 1 year was conducted among PLWHA, aged between 15 and 49 years, visiting ART center.Subjects and Methods:242 PLWHAs were included in the study. Structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on sociodemographic profile, factors affecting adherence. Adherence was assessed through self-reports, routine and random pill counts, and assessment of medical records.Statistical Analysis Used:Descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and Chi-square tests were computed using Epi Info 7 version CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.Results:Adherence to ART was finally assessed on 242 PLWHAs. Mean age of subjects was 35 ± 7.8 years. One hundred percent adherence rate (consistent adherers) for the whole 6 month period was seen only in 31.6% patients. Lower 6 month averages of 95–100%, 80–95%, and <80% were noted in 49.8%, 9.1%, and 9.5% patients, thus resulting in optimal adherence rate of >95% in 81.4%. Earning member (odds ratio [OR] =0.404) and weight difference (OR = 0.818) were most associated with the adherent individuals. Most common psychological reason was forgetfulness in 44.9%.Conclusions:Adherence rate was poor among PLWHA and economic factors play an important role in adherence.

A study was conducted on stress among government city bus drivers in Hubli from 4 th June to 3 rd July 2013 2.1 Sample size: Study sample was collected of 100 bus drivers. 2.2 Inclusion criteria: The bus drivers who were plying within the city limits were taken in the study. 2.3 Exclusion criteria: The bus drivers plying outside city limits were excluded. 2.4 Study method: Structured, preformed and pretested questionnaire was prepared. Permission was taken from CPM, NWKRTC, Gokul road, Hubli. Data was collected by using the questionnaire regarding the socio-demographic profile which contained name, age, education status, socioeconomic status, marital status etc. General information about the bus drivers regarding number of years of service, no. of hours of sleep and work, bad habits etc. were collected. Frequency of bus passenger accident by each bus drivers, concern for driving, confirming safe conditions for drive observed by the drivers during their work were asked. Then depression among bus drivers was assessed by self rating depression scale 4. Various job stressors like aptitude for job, bad environment in bus and among colleagues, complaints from passenger were taken. Lastly details regarding recognition from others about their job were collected. The data was then tabulated in MS excel, correlation tests were applied to the suitable tabulated data and the same was analysed in SPSS 17.0.