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Modern automotives integrate large amount of electronic devices to improve the driving safety and comfort. This growing number of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) with sophisticated software escalates the vehicle system design complexity. In this paper we explain the complexity of ECUs in terms of hardware and software and also we explore the possibility of Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) architecture for the integration of add-on software in ECUs. This reduces the complexity of the embedded system in vehicles and eases the ECU integration by reducing the total number of ECUs in the vehicles.

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In the current approach of Automotive electronic system design, the multicore processors have prevailed to achieve high computing performance at low thermal dissipation. Multicore processors offer functional parallelism that helps in meeting the safety critical requirements of vehicles. The number of ECUs in high-end cars could be reduced by conglomerating more functions into a multicore ECU. AUTOSAR stack has been designed to support the applications developed for multicore ECUs. The real challenges lie in adapting new design methods while developing sophisticated applications with multicore constraints. It is imperative to utilize the most of multicore computational capability towards enhancing the overall performance of ECUs. In this context the scheduling of the real time multitasking software components by the operating system is one of the key issues to be addressed. In this paper, the state of the art scheduling algorithm is reviewed and its merits and limitations are identified. A hybrid scheduler has been proposed, tested and compared with the state of the art algorithm that offers better performance in terms of CPU utilization, average response time and deadline missing rate both in normal and high load conditions.

Automobile manufacturers are controlled by stringent govt. regulations for safety and fuel emissions and motivated towards adding more advanced features and sophisticated applications to the existing electronic system. Ever increasing customer's demands for high level of comfort also necessitate providing even more sophistication in vehicle electronics system. All these, directly make the vehicle software system more complex and computationally more intensive. In turn, this demands very high computational capability of the microprocessor used in electronic control unit (ECU). In this regard, multicore processors have already been implemented in some of the task rigorous ECUs like, power train, image processing and infotainment. To achieve greater performance from these multicore processors, parallelized ECU software needs to be efficiently scheduled by the underlaying operating system for execution to utilize all the computational cores to the maximum extent possible and meet the real time constraint. In this paper, we propose a dynamic task scheduler for multicore engine control ECU that provides maximum CPU utilization, minimized preemption overhead, minimum average waiting time and all the tasks meet their real time deadlines while compared to the static priority scheduling suggested by Automotive Open Systems Architecture (AUTOSAR).