Background: We examined Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroconversion incidence and risk factors 21 days after baseline screening among healthcare workers (HCWs) in a resource-limited setting. Methods: A prospective cohort study of 4040 HCWs took place at 12 university healthcare facilities in Cairo, Egypt; April-June 2020. Follow-up exposure and clinical data were collected through online survey. SARS-CoV-2 testing was done using rapid IgM and IgG serological tests and reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for those with positive serology. Cox proportional hazards modelling was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) of seroconversion. Results: 3870/4040 (95.8%) HCWs tested negative for IgM, IgG and PCR at baseline; 2282 (59.0%) returned for 21-day follow-up. Seroconversion incidence (positive IgM and/or IgG) was 100/2282 (4.4%, 95% CI:3.6-5.3), majority asymptomatic (64.0%); daily hazard of 0.21% (95% CI:0.17-0.25)/48 746 person-days of follow-up. Seroconversion was: 4.0% (64/1596; 95% CI:3.1-5.1) among asymptomatic; 5.3% (36/686; 95% CI:3.7-7.2) among symptomatic HCWs. Seroconversion was independently associated with older age; lower education; contact with a confirmed case >15 min; chronic kidney disease; pregnancy; change/loss of smell; and negatively associated with workplace contact. Conclusions: Most seroconversions were asymptomatic, emphasizing need for regular universal testing. Seropositivity was three-fold that observed at baseline. Cumulative infections increased nationally by a similar rate, suggesting HCW infections reflect community not nosocomial transmission.
The oxidative status of the newborn is not simply a reflection of the mode of delivery and type of anesthesia. The impact of gestational age and birth weight appears to be crucial. This must be considered when planning elective delivery.
Introduction: Antibiotics are prescribed for treating bacterial infections. However, Excessive use of antibiotics leads to the development and spread of multidrug resistant bacteria, currently regarded as a global public health crisis threatening our ability to treat common infectious diseases, resulting in prolonged illness, disability and death.
Aim of the work:To analyze the use and prescribing patterns of antimicrobials by physicians at Ain-Shams University Specialized Hospital (ASUSH) for inpatients among different infections and to determine the prevalence of different types of bacterial resistance among hospital infections. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at (ASUSH). A total of 339 microorganisms isolated from several samples types were identified and studied using VITEK® 2 system. Physicians' attitudes and knowledge were assessed using a questionnaire about antibiotic resistance problem. Results: Among (339) bacterial isolates Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common isolate n=92 (27.1%), followed by E-coli n=60 (17.7%), Staph coag -ve (SCONs) n= 43 (12.7%) and Methecillin resistant staphylococcus aureas (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumanni n=33 (9.7%)
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