No abstract

Several epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between diabetes and increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but the effect of diabetic treatment drugs such as metformin on the risk is unknown. We conducted a population-based nested case-control study involving 878 NHL cases and 4,364 controls diagnosed with diabetes. Use of metformin and other medications before diagnosis and medical condition histories were assessed using administrative databases. We used conditional logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for use of metformin, adjusting for confounders. Risk of total NHLs is not associated with ever use of metformin (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.79-1.10) among diabetic patients. NHL subtypes were also not associated with metformin use. Metformin use is not associated with overall or subtype NHL risk among diabetic patients. NHLs are etiologically heterogeneous and larger scale studies are warranted to test the potential effect of metformin by NHL subtype. .

Attenuation correction is require analysis in positron emission tomography energies, the attenuation coefficient may be app product of the Klein-Nishina cross-section per electron density. We have evaluated th reconstructing the electron density directly fro scatter events in order to obtain the attenuatio transmission scan. A scatter model was describes the possible scattering locations coincidences. The expected number of coincid each detector pair was formulated based on th study, we ignored the attenuation of the scatt and a maximum likelihood expectation maxim algorithm was derived. We tested the me dimensinal ring phantom with different activity a NEMA image quality phantom. For bo obtained little cross-talk between the activity map. The attenuation of the scattered phot included in order to achieve a more accurate rec

Significant racial/ethnic inequities in the uptake of differentiated influenza vaccines (DIVs) have been previously reported, though less is known about regional disparities. We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study (2014/15-2017/18 influenza seasons) among privately insured adults aged 65+ years in the US. The exposure was beneficiary’s area of residence (US Census Bureau division) and outcome was type of influenza vaccine: differentiated (High-Dose [HDV], adjuvanted, recombinant, and cell-based) versus standard-dose egg-based. Among those vaccinated in physician offices, beneficiaries in the East North Central region were twice as likely to receive a DIV vs those in the South Atlantic, whereas those in the East and West South Central were least likely. Disparities became more pronounced in models adjusted for individual and community characteristics, suggesting that crude uptake estimates understate the true magnitude of disparities. Regional disparities remained even in fully adjusted models, pointing to currently poorly understood factors that may include quality of healthcare, client health literacy and engagement, and other political and cultural factors.

We assessed Clostridioides difficile toxin testing and positivity for all patients in Manitoba hospitals during June 2016–November 2018. The testing rate was 30 per 10,000 patient bed days (95% confidence interval [CI], 30–31) and the incidence rate was 3.5 per 10,000 patient bed days (95% CI, 3.3–3.7). The context of testing is essential to the interpretation of data among jurisdictions.