The current study highlights a high incidence of WBs in a Greek population, indicating racial variation. The in depth knowledge of exact location, frequency and number of WBs is essential for clinicians intervening in the skull area, anthropologists and forensic surgeons investigating child abuse cases.

We present our experience and results after using polydioxanone (PDS) foil in septal reconstruction. In a period of 2 years, 12 patients who were admitted in our department with severe septal deviation and breathing problems underwent septoplasty under general anaesthesia. The nasal septum was approached via an external approach. In all patients, after resecting and exposing the septum, the removable piece after being divided into straight pieces, was sutured onto an appropriate sized PDS foil and reimplanted together between the mucoperichondrium flaps. Sutures were placed to fixate the "new septum" to the nasal dorsum and to the anterior nasal spine. The immediate postoperative course was unremarkable and in a follow-up appointment 6 months and 1 year postoperatively, one complication occurred, with septum subluxation noted in one patient. Use of PDS foil in septal reconstruction is an important surgical option for the correction of the markedly deviated nasal septum. Fixation of the straightened and replanted septum at the nasal dorsal septum border with the upper lateral cartilages and at the nasal spine is essential.

We assess the CW and dynamic nonlinear optical response of microdisc res- onators enhanced by graphene saturable absorption, by carefully considering the carrier diffusion and finite relaxation time of graphene photoexcited carriers.

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We assess the continuous wave and dynamic routing performance of a compact silicon-on-insulator disk resonator overlaid with a graphene monolayer at telecommunication wavelengths. Switching action is enabled by saturable absorption in graphene, controlled by a pump wave of only a few milliwatts. Graphene saturable absorption is modeled through a carrier rate equation that incorporates both the finite relaxation time and diffusion of photo-generated carriers, providing a realistic account of carrier dynamics. The overall nonlinear response of the resonator is evaluated with a rigorous mathematical framework based on perturbation theory and temporal coupled-mode theory. We thoroughly investigate the effects of carrier diffusion and finite relaxation time, both separately and together. We also take into account nonlinear refraction via a Kerr effect term and quantify its impact on the overall response. In order to suppress the Kerr effect, we replace silicon with silicon-rich nitride, allowing for the individual contributions of the resonator core and graphene (of opposite sign) to exactly compensate each other. Our results contribute to the understanding of carrier dynamics and their impact on the performance of practical graphene-based switching components.