At this paper was established result of the correlations characteristics of structural parameters of low-carbon steels during periodic loading under elastic deformations. According to the results of the research, the kinetic characteristics of the influence of the load parameter on the distribution of deformation defects of the surface layer of structural materials under elastic deformations are obtained. The regularities of the influence of elastic deformations on the distribution of discrete surface properties are revealed. Linear dependences of the parameter of distribution of discrete relief properties of the deformed surface on loading are revealed. The regularities of the influence of elastic deformations on the distribution of discrete surface properties are revealed. It is established that regardless of the type of load, the surface density of deformation defects of scattered fracture accumulates in the mother to a certain state of damage, which is characterized by the current state of density of elements of deformation defects.