The text is a facsimile of the print edition. © CRIA etnográfica fevereiro de 2013 17 (1): [77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95] Interurban collective transport and road crashes in Santiago, Cape Verde Gerard HortaBased on research first begun in Praia (capital of Cape Verde) into the new public organization of its streets and squares -increasingly occupied by cars and other types of motor vehicles -, this article develops a description of the social universe of private group transport on the island of Santiago, and analyses its relationship with road crashes. Its chief focus is the hiace, a generic term designating transportation vans in Cape Verdean society (although they are named after the Hiace model manufactured by Toyota, in this research the word is used as an emic concept). Thus, through the field work completed to date, it outlines the social processes and dimensions in which road crashes involving hiaces take place. Moreover, it puts forward some comprehensive explanations of the causes for the island's high road accident rate within the context of the urban transformation processes underway there. It furthermore reflects on the antagonistic experiences caused by the use of space by both motor vehicle drivers and the pedestrians themselves -space being understood as a social process -in relation to the living conditions and different experiences of the people of Cape Verde.KEYWORDS: road crashes, urban anthropology, transport, Africa, public space, risk. Transporte coletivo interurbano e acidentes rodoviários em Santiago, CaboVerde A partir da investigação iniciada em Praia (Cabo Verde) acerca da nova organização pública das suas ruas e praças -cada vez mais ocupadas pelos carros e outros veículos motorizados -, o presente trabalho desenvolve uma descrição do universo social do transporte coletivo privado na ilha de Santiago. O protagonista incontornável é a hiace, termo genérico que designa as carrinhas de transporte coletivo de passageiros na sociedade cabo-verdiana (embora tomem o nome de um modelo produzido pela Toyota, nesta pesquisa referimo-nos às hiaces como conceito émico). Assim, percorrendo a pesquisa de campo desenvolvida até agora, propõe--se uma aproximação aos processos e às dimensões sociais em que ocorre a acidentalidade rodoviária protagonizada pelas hiaces. São avançadas também algumas explicações abrangentes das causas de sinistralidade no contexto dos processos de transformação urbana em curso na ilha. Além disso, reflete-se acerca das experiên-cias antagónicas na utilização do espaço por parte de motoristas e peões -sendo o espaço compreendido como um processo social -, na sua relação com as condições de vida e as distintas experiências do povo de Cabo Verde.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: acidentes rodoviários, antropologia urbana, transporte, África, espaço público, risco.HORTA, Gerard (gerardhorta@ub.edu) -University of Barcelona, Spain.
Esta publicação é financiada por fundos nacionais através da FCT-Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia no âmbito do UID/CPO/03122/2013
This article explores the social framework of spiritism in the Balearic Islands and Catalonia during the time Fernando Ortiz lived there, and the connections of active spiritists with the pedagogical environment of the Cuban thinker. I reconstruct the wide field of (possible?) spiritist connections in which Ortiz found himself enmeshed, so as to trace his (possible?) encounters with spiritism across places, people, dates, and publications. Spiritism constituted itself as an integral conceptual system that responded to the systematization of mediumship in the West after the middle of the nineteenth century. Therefore, my goal is to present some general considerations about trance and spiritism and to search for the connections between different social, geographic, and temporal contexts (in the Balearic Islands and Catalonia) in which to locate Ortiz's first awareness that something called spiritism existed, beyond his own autobiographical account of the issue.
Atendiendo a la relevancia del cuerpo como instrumento central de los seres y las sociedades humanas, en este artículo se plantea una aproximación a definiciones clásicas del concepto de trance desde la antropología. Su finalidad reside en discernir aquellos modelos explicativos (Fyrth y De Heusch principalmente) que emplazan este fenómeno social como escenario de tres variantes posibles de realización (posesión, mediumnidad, chamanismo), respecto a aquellos otros modelos (Bourguignon y Duvignaud principalmente) que diferencian explícitamente el trance y la posesión como dos campos distintos. Así, se aportan diversas conceptualizaciones susceptibles de ser interpretadas como contenidos paralelos a pesar de que se mantienen como denominaciones distintas.
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