La incorporación de Ag en los compuestos de Bi-2212 ha demostrado ser un método adecuado para mejorar tanto las propiedades mecánicas, térmicas como eléctricas de estos materiales. Las propiedades finales dependen fuertemente de la cantidad de Ag añadida al sistema pero también del tipo de procesado que sufre. En el presente trabajo se realiza un estudio del efecto de la adición de Ag en materiales masivos Bi-2212 texturados mediante fusión zonal inducida por láser, con el objetivo de comprender el efecto de la adición de Ag en sistemas Bi-2212 que pasan totalmente por un fundido. Para ello se preparon muestras con diferentes contenidos en Ag (hasta el 40% en peso). Debido a la inmiscibilidad en estado sólido de la Ag y del Bi-2212, se ha utilizado un método de síntesis de estos materiales por medio de técnicas sol-gel para asegurar una buena homogeneidad y un tamaño de partícula reducido en la cerámica de partida. A partir de estos polvos se prepararon los precursores que posteriormente fueron transformados en materiales texturados tras pasarlos por un fundido inducido mediante láser. Posteriormente se analizan los cambios de las muestras en función del porcentaje de Ag, tanto antes como después de un recocido. Estos cambios se correlacionan con las propiedades mecánicas y eléctricas de las muestras. Palabras clave: Bi-2212, Fusión Zonal, Plata, Propiedades mecánicas. Ag addition effect on laser textured Bi-2212 samples abstractThe addition of Ag into Bi-2212 compounds has demonstrated to be a suitable method to improve both, the thermal and mechanical properties as well as the electrical ones. The final properties have been found to be in strong dependence of Ag content and the processing technique. In the present work the influence of Ag addition on Bi-2212 bulk materials grown from the melt, using a laser floating zone melting technique, has been studied. Samples with different Ag contents (0 to 40 wt.%) were prepared for this work. The Bi-2212 + x wt.% Ag powders have been prepared by a sol-gel method via nitrates to assure total cation solution, small particle size and good homogeneity in the mixture. Cylindrical precursors, fabricated from these powders, were used as feed in a LFZ melting installation to obtain textured Bi-2212/Ag composites. The effect of the Ag addition on the microstructure is analysed as a function of Ag content. The changes on the microstructure are also correlated with the mechanical and superconducting properties.Keywords: Bi-2212, Melting zone, Silver, Mechanical properties. INTRODUCCIÓNEl desarrollo de aplicaciones comerciales basadas en superconductores de alta temperatura crítica precisa el uso de técnicas que doten de textura a estos materiales para que se puedan conseguir valores de corriente crítica (I c ) suficientes para aplicaciones tecnológicas de potencia 1 . Los superconductores de la familia del Bi y, en particular, la fase Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8+δ (Bi-2212) ha demostrado ser útil para numerosas aplicaciones de potencia cuando ha sido procesada adecuadamente. Entre las ...

Accurately predicting the failure of multilayered surface systems, including coatings on tools or products, is of significance for all of the parties concerned within the chain of design, manufacturing and use of a product. Previous modeling work has, however, been focused largely on the effect of individual parameters rather than on the performance of a multilayered system as a whole. Design and manufacture of multilayered surface systems, currently, still relies largely on experiments and failure tests. A parameterized approach which considers geometrical, material, interfacial and loading variables, processing history, thermal effects, surface-failure modeling, etc. has therefore been developed to address the situation in order to be able to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the analysis and design of multilayered coating-systems. Material property values for the hardened case of the substrate are described with a function of the hardened depth and defined with a field method. Initial residual stresses calculated using a newly developed theoretical model are incorporated into the model as initial stress conditions. Thermo-mechanical coupled modeling is incorporated into the model so as to be able to consider temperature effects. These are associated with a cohesive-element modeling approach, which has been used to predict indentation-induced crack initiation and propagation within the coating layer. The comparison of experimental results with those of numerical modeling affords excellent agreement. The parameterized modeling method developed allows for the parameters to be changed easily during a series analysis. Combined with the capability of the prediction of cracking of the coatings, the developed method/model provides an efficient way for investigating the effects of these parameters on the behavior of multilayered systems, which is demonstrated by the analysis of three cases of the coated tool steels (H11): (i) a substrate without being pre-heat-treated; and (ii) two substrates with a shallow and a deep hardened-case, respectively, (both are treated by plasma-nitriding). The results showed that the case-hardening of a substrate has a significant influence on the performance of the surface system with coating, especially on its load-bearing capacity and the cracking of the coating.

Aligned ZrO2(c)-CaZrO3 Eutectics Grown by the Laser Floating Zone Method: Electrical and Optical Properties.-Translucent eutectic fibers consisting of alternate lamellae of cubic stabilized ZrO2 and CaZrO3 are prepared by the laser floating method. Due to the good mechanical, optical, and electrical properties, the aligned eutectics may be useful as electronic and optical materials. -(PENA, J. I.; MERINO, R. I.; DE LA FUENTE, G. F.; ORERA, V. M.; Adv.

The Laser Floating Zone (LFZ) technique, also known as Laser-Heated Pedestal Growth (LHPG), has been developed throughout the last several decades as a simple, fast, and crucible-free method for growing high-crystalline-quality materials, particularly when compared to the more conventional Verneuil, Bridgman–Stockbarger, and Czochralski methods. Multiple worldwide efforts have, over the years, enabled the growth of highly oriented polycrystalline and single-crystal high-melting materials. This work attempted to critically review the most representative advancements in LFZ apparatus and experimental parameters that enable the growth of high-quality polycrystalline materials and single crystals, along with the most commonly produced materials and their relevant physical properties. Emphasis will be given to materials for photonics and optics, as well as for electrical applications, particularly superconducting and thermoelectric materials, and to the growth of metastable phases. Concomitantly, an analysis was carried out on how LFZ may contribute to further understanding equilibrium vs. non-equilibrium phase selectivity, as well as its potential to achieve or contribute to future developments in the growth of crystals for emerging applications.