The academic performance of the aspiring soldier is the set of indicators of academic subjects, physical preparation and military attitude that he presents within the military training institute, since the product that is intended to be delivered to the Army and society is a disciplined and prepared individual academically, militarily and physically, according to the standards established in the Military Education Model of the Armed Forces and the career plan in military sciences of the University of the Armed Forces - ESPE. In addition, it is necessary to complement this training by instilling the conviction of pursuing a professional and ethical military career. Thus, the proposed objective was to establish the results of the entrance tests that predict the academic performance of aspiring second-year military soldiers, 2018-2020 class, of the Ecuadorian Army Soldiers Training School “Vencedores del Cenepa”. Therefore, this research presents a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental, cross-sectional design and a correlational scope. The averages of the entrance and academic performance tests were used for academic periods and annual cut-off of each aspiring soldier, from the file and database of the Soldiers Training School "Vencedores del Cenepa", for their tabulation in a matrix of Excel predesigned and the subsequent statistical analysis in the SPSS program. Thus, a moderate significant correlation is observed between academic and physical entrance tests with academic performance, a low correlation with the military attitude of would-be soldiers, and no correlation with student desertion. In addition, the entrance tests that moderately predict academic performance and poorly predict military attitudes of would-be soldiers are the academic and physical entrance tests.
Objective: to establish the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its relationship with the body mass index, waist-height index and waist circumference in students of the higher technology specialization in military sciences, as well as military personnel who work at the University of the Armed Forces of Ecuador - ESPE. Methodology: this was an analytical, non-experimental study with a sample of 495 second-year students of the Superior Technology Specialization in Military Sciences and 196 military personnel who work at ESPE.Results: The study found 8,48 % (n: 42) prevalence of general dyslipidemia in students, differentiated by hypercholesterolemia 1,82 % (n: 9), hypertriglyceridemia 6,26 % (n: 31) and mixed dyslipidemia 0,4 % (n: 2). Additionally, it found 58,67 % (n: 115) prevalence of general dyslipidemia in professional military personnel, with hypercholesterolemia 9,18 % (n: 18), hypertriglyceridemia 25,51 % (n: 50) and mixed dyslipidemia 23,98 % (n: 47). Finally, the lower limit to diagnose dyslipidemia for body mass index in students was 25,67 kg/m2, for waist circumference 76,5 cm and for waist height ratio 0,47, and in professional military personnel, body mass index of 26,3 kg/m2, waist circumference of 86 cm and waist height ratio of 0,52. Conclusions: the students and military personnel studied have a significantly low prevalence of dyslipidemia compared to the general student and military personnel population and the values of WC and WHtR were seen to be good predictors of dyslipidemia in military personnel but not in the students.
La educación en el Ecuador es un derecho de las personas a lo largo de su vida y un deber ineludible e inexcusable del Estado. En este contexto la educación militar, busca dar solución al requerimiento del estado ecuatoriano de contar con profesionales altamente capacitados en el área de seguridad y defensa, quienes constitucionalmente son los responsables de velar por la defensa de la soberanía e integridad territorial, así como apoyo a las instituciones del estado. El objetivo general planteado del presente trabajo investigativo es analizar pedagógicamente el Sistema de Educación Militar ecuatoriano. Para lo cual es imprescindible el cumplir con los siguientes objetivos específicos: a) establecer la estructura pedagógica del Modelo Educativo de Fuerzas Armadas, b) indicar la estructura pedagógica del Diseño Curricular de la Carrera de Ciencias Militares, y c) mencionar las cualidades innovadoras del sistema educativo militar. El presente trabajo investigativo es un estudio crítico, que presenta un enfoque cualitativo, basado en un diseño no experimental, con un alcance exploratorio, de tipo análisis documental. Con lo cual se llega a la conclusión que el Modelo de Educación de Fuerzas Armadas y el Diseño Curricular de la Carrera de Ciencias Militares, son instrumentos educativos dinámicos, que cuentan con un diseño pedagógico acorde a las exigencias actuales, además, el Sistema de Educación Militar presenta un proyecto innovador con modalidad de educación DUAL, el cual se basa en un conjunto de modelos teóricos de conocimientos, con un enfoque en competencias. PALABRAS CLAVE: modelo educativo militar; diseño curricular; innovación; educación dual; ciencias militares. ECUADOR'S MILITARY EDUCATION SYSTEM: AN INNOVATIVE MODEL ABSTRACT Education in Ecuador is a right of people throughout their lives and an inescapable and inexcusable duty of the State. In this context, military education seeks to solve the requirement of the Ecuadorian state to have highly trained professionals in the area of security and defense, who are constitutionally responsible for ensuring the defense of sovereignty and territorial integrity, as well as support for state institutions. The general objective of this investigative work is to pedagogically analyze the Ecuadorian Military Education System. Para lo cual es imprescindible el cumplir con los siguientes objetivos específicos: a) establecer la estructura pedagógica del Modelo Educativo de Fuerzas Armadas, b) indicar la estructura pedagógica del Diseño Curricular de la Carrera de Ciencias Militares, y c) mencionar las cualidades innovadoras del sistema educativo militar. The present investigative work is a critical study that presents a qualitative approach, based on a non-experimental design, with an exploratory scope, of a documentary analysis type. With which the conclusion is reached that the Armed Forces Education Model and the Curricular Design of the Military Sciences Career are dynamic educational instruments, which have a pedagogical design according to current requirements, in addition, the Education System Military presents an innovative project with a DUAL education modality, which is based on a set of theoretical knowledge models, with a focus on competencies. KEYWORDS: military educational model; curricular design; innovation; dual education; military science.
El desempeño académico es el conjunto de indicadores que presenta el estudiante en un instituto de formación, puesto que el producto que se pretende entregar al servicio militar es un profesional disciplinado y preparado académica, militar, física y mentalmente. El objetivo planteado en esta investigación fue establecer qué factores demográficos, socioeconómicos y académicos predicen la excelencia académica en los estudiantes de la carrera de Tecnología en Ciencias Militares. Por tanto, esta investigación presenta un enfoque cuantitativo, con diseño no experimental, de tipo transversal y un alcance correlacional. En consecuencia, los resultados muestran una correlación directa significativa moderada, demostrando importancia la madurez etaria, apoyo de la familia bien establecida, así como, el antecedente de excelencia académica en la instrucción secundaria como motivación determinante de la excelencia académica.
El objetivo planteado fue establecer qué resultados de las pruebas de ingreso predicen un excelente rendimiento académico y deserción del estudiante de la Carrera de Tecnología en Ciencias Militares. Por lo cual, esta investigación presenta un enfoque cuantitativo, con diseño no experimental, de tipo transversal y un alcance correlacional. Se utilizó los promedios de las pruebas de ingreso y rendimiento académico por períodos académicos de cada estudiante, del archivo y base de datos de la Escuela de Formación de Soldados, para su análisis estadístico. En donde, se observa una correlación significativa baja, entre las pruebas académicas y físicas de ingreso con el rendimiento académico de excelencia. Además, las pruebas de ingreso que predicen el rendimiento académico de excelencia de los estudiantes son la prueba académica y prueba física.
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