Abstract:This study provides a list of freshwater fishes of the Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos (PARNASO; Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil) and its surrounding areas. Fish samplings were performed by electrofishing during the dry season (2010 -2011) in three different areas: 1, inside of the PARNASO (2 sites); 2, in the buffer zone (4 sites); and 3, in adjacent areas (8 sites). A total of 47 fish species in 13 families and six orders were recorded. Fish composition within the limits of the PARNASO differed from that recorded in the adjacent area, with the latter having comparatively higher species richness. The buffer area had intermediate ichthyofauna composition between the two other areas. This study enhanced knowledge on the composition and structure of the fish assemblages in PARNASO, by recording the occurrence of six new species within the park that were not included in the Management Plan of this Conservation Unit.
The first records of 2 species of Parodontidae (Apareiodon piracicabae and A. itapicuruensis) are reported in the Paraíba do Sul river basin. In total, 101 individuals of A. piracicabae and 3 individuals of A. itapicuruensis were collected in the Paraíba do Sul middle reaches. A description and diagnosis of both species based on morpho-meristic characters were provided. These fishes have been used as forage for larger fish species as well as bait for sport fishing, which may have facilitated their introduction in the Paraíba do Sul River from fish culture farms in the region.
Key wordsApareiodon; geographic distribution; occurrence; Paraíba do Sul River.
Este trabalho apresenta uma experiência pedagógica e, também, uma pesquisa realizada com estudantes em uma saída de campo utilizando-se aspectos da bacia hidrográfica como tema gerador e continuada, em termos reflexivos, na sala de aula. A dimensão epistemológica adotada na atividade prática foi pautada na concepção freireana, por meio do diálogo e da problematização crítico-reflexiva dos problemas socioambientais vivenciados pelos estudantes. Por meio da análise quali e quantitativa da dinâmica de grupo focal, questionário e registros em campo, identificou-se, em um primeiro momento, uma visão predominantemente individualista e antropocêntrica da natureza. Constatou-se que ao longo das atividades didático-pedagógicas, no campo e em sala de aula, a discussão se ampliou de maneira crítico-reflexiva e os relatos foram ao encontro da construção do conhecimento. O corpo discente também destacou a importância dos espaços não formais nesse processo.
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