The key motivation behind this study is to determine the capital structure of fuel and energy sector firms listed in Pakistan Stock Exchange. Data of 18 firms of this industry are analyzed during the period of 2006 to 2017.for this cross section fixed effect model of regression has been employed after the Hausman Test to see the impact of four independent variables such as growth, profitability size and tangibility of assets on leverage (dependent variable). Furthermore Descriptive statistics, correlation, unit root test are also used. The result showed that growth has significant positive association with leverage where as profitability; size and tangibility of assets have negative association with leverage. It is revealed in our study that firms of fuel and energy sectors of Pakistan financed 59.5% of their assets through debt and 40.5 % with equity. Huge growth and low profitability has been observed in this industry during the research tenure.

The Intent of this study is to learn about Pakistani consumers' attitudes and behavior intentions concerning Collaborative consumption. For this Consumers’ Behavior expectation is taken as dependent variable whereas economic value, hedonic value symbolic value and social value is taken as independent variable with the mediating role of consumer attitude. Convenient sampling is used to take the responses of 400 people from the city of Karachi Pakistan. Initially respondent data and descriptive statistics are presented to overview the data. Reliability of data was checked through (Cronbach’s Alpha) tests. Finally, regression analysis was employed to check the relation of independent and dependent variable. The result showed that all independent variables have significant and positive impact on dependent variable. The result may aid the managers to engage, understand and address the views of collaborative consumption users.

Human resources’ is one of the pivot elements in business enterprises to achieve set goals and objectives of new millennium. Competent and skilled workforce have to be permanent stakeholders of a corporation where they use acquired knowledge and gained skills to achieve set milestones in particular industry. Talent management is the task of attracting, acquiring, developing and retaining skilled workforce to achieve desired goals of corporation. The main objective of this research study is to explore the need for talent management and investigating its impact on the organizational performance of higher education institutes. Three factors of talent management are taken into consideration; talent attraction, talent development and talent retention. Using simple random sampling method, one hundred questionnaires were distributed to academic and administrative heads of three public sector universities in jamshoro city. Data is analyzed using cronbach’s alpha, Mean and standard deviation, regression analysis and one sample t test. After analyzing observed data results show positive and significant effect of all three factors of talent management i-e talent attraction, talent development and talent retention on the organizational performance of higher education institutes. It is concluded that talent management is integrated part of better performance and key factor in achieving standards of excellence in higher education institutes. Practicing and implementing talent management will upgrade ranking of institutes at national and international level. Furthermore higher education institutes will show impetus for continuous improvement in imparting quality education to the masses. Faculty and administrative staff of higher education institutes will have opportunity to develop their careers and top management will surely retain skilled employees and have opportunity to grow at par excellence. Keywords: Talent Management, Organizational Performance, Higher Education Institutes.

The study tests the consumer preferences in Pakistan (a developing economy) to know about the consumer’s choice and localization of MNC to have clear understanding of entering in to the new market following the local culture of the country. Study focuses on the multinational fast food outlets. The research is grounded on both primary & secondary information and primary data is collected randomly from 412 fast food consumers through closed ended questionnaire and analyzed through simple percentage analysis and SPSS to know about the relationship with different factors like, location, Quality, consumer satisfaction and preferences. Findings show that consumer’s choice is influenced by quality, price as well as location. Study also shows that McDonalds is a high quality restaurant according to the consumers perception and more expensive than any other MNC outlet in Pakistan, consumers prefer to visit KFC and McDonalds frequently the consumers in Pakistan prefer food with the price conscious attitude. The main thing for the fast food restaurants is the food which is served quickly and finds it more advantageous. According to this study location accessibility is also a motive for consumers when they choose a particular outlet, closer restaurants are more numerous for easy take away.

One of the main objectives of this study is to determine the empirical effect of financial and moral incentives on job satisfaction of teachers at higher education institutes. Financial incentives are monetary or tangible in form; two main financial types of incentives included in the study are promotion and group insurance. Moral incentives are non-monetary or intangible in nature; two main types of moral incentives are also included in the study, i-e Achievement and Recognition as well as Growth. Job satisfaction is considered as dependent variable in the study. Research instrument used to collect primary data was closed ended questionnaire which was adopted from previous relevant research studies. Primary data was collected from one hundred teachers working in three different universities located in Jamshoro city, Sindh. Data was analyzed using different statistical techniques like Cronbach alpha, Descriptive Statistics, Mean, Standard Deviation, Skewness and Kurtosis, Correlation Coefficient R and Structured Equation Modeling. All results of Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and Factor loadings, T statistics and P values of Structured Equation Modeling shown positive and significant effect of financial and moral incentives on job satisfaction of teachers. Only one hypothesis related to one of the moral incentives, Growth, is rejected, all other hypotheses are accepted. This research study concludes positive and significant effect of three incentives, two financial incentives i-e Promotion and Group Insurance, and one moral incentive i-e Achievement and Recognition on job satisfaction of teachers. Findings of research studies are practical guidance for top management of higher education institutes to increase job satisfaction and devise attractive incentives policy for teachers. It is also a valuable guidance for other private higher education institutes to increase job satisfaction of teachers as the proposed study only covers three largest and well recognized public sector universities of the country.