Study Design:Expert opinion.Objectives:Osteoporotic vertebral fractures are of increasing medical importance. For an adequate treatment strategy, an easy and reliable classification is needed.Methods:The working group “Osteoporotic Fractures” of the Spine Section of the German Society for Orthopaedics and Trauma (DGOU) has developed a classification system (OF classification) for osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures. The consensus decision followed an established pathway including review of the current literature.Results:The OF classification consists of 5 groups: OF 1, no vertebral deformation (vertebral edema); OF 2, deformation with no or minor (<1/5) involvement of the posterior wall; OF 3, deformation with distinct involvement (>1/5) of the posterior wall; OF 4, loss of integrity of the vertebral frame or vertebral body collapse or pincer-type fracture; OF 5, injuries with distraction or rotation. The interobserver reliability was substantial (κ = .63).Conclusions:The proposed OF classification is easy to use and provides superior clinical differentiation of the typical osteoporotic fracture morphologies.

Intramedullary stabilization is a reliable method for fixation of pathologic fractures of the humerus diaphysis for patients in the advanced stage of metastatic disease. ORIF are preferable to IM fixations for the treatment of metaphyseal fractures and for those patients with a solitary metastasis in the humerus or those with a better prognosis.

These findings provide evidence that damaged motoneurons require limited and spatially directed amounts of BDNF and GDNF to support their survival and regeneration. Moreover, neurotrophic support appears to be needed only for a critical period of time not longer than for two weeks after injury.-2 --3 -