This study is on the seasonal incidence of Phyllotreta striolata F. during 2015 and 2016, on turnip (Brassica rapa var. rapa), radish (Raphanus sativus) and cabbage (B. oleracea var. capitata). The incidence observed at weekly intervals was correlated with weather factors. The pest was first observed during 35th standard meteorological week (SMW), and in 2015, peak was observed on turnip (22.8 beetles/ plant) and radish (22.2 beetles/ plant) during the 40th SMW; during 2016, peak was (19.4 beetles/ plant on turnip; 22.2 beetles/ plant on radish) in the 39th SMW; and on cabbage, the peak incidence (4.8 beetles/ plant- 2015; 9.2 beetles/ plant - 2016) was during 38th SMW. The incidence showed a positive correlation with temperature and sunshine hours, and a negative correlation with relative humidity and rainfall.
Grape plants (Vitis vinifera L.), like other major horticultural crops, suffer from attacks by plant pathogenic nematodes. These parasites are a serious burden for viticulturists all over the world and lead to reduced vine vigour and crop yield. The major nematode parasites infesting grapevines include Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus spp., Criconemella spp., Tylenchulus spp., Helicotylenchus spp., Heterodera spp. etc. Besides these genera, some nematode genera like Xiphinema, Paralongidorus and Longidorus are known to transmit viral diseases in grapevines, as they act as vectors to many viruses e.g. grapevine fanleaf virus. These pathogenic nematodes are becoming an important element affecting vine health, vigour and productivity. The present paper provides a brief overview of the diversity of phytoparasitic nematodes parasitizing vineyards, some viruses transmitted to grapevines via these parasitic nematodes and also outlines the management practices like crop rotation, hot water treatment, use of biological agents as well as use of organic amendments in controlling phytoparasitic nematodes in general.
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