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Nutrigenomics has an undoubtedly immeasurable potential for revamping human health. It has become an important regimen due to its consequential role in medical and nutritional sciences. It is an interdisciplinary science that amalgamates the information from physiology, pathology, genetics, molecular biology, and nutrition to establish the effects of ingested nutrients on expression and regulation of genes. The ultimate aim of nutrigenomics is to ascertain the nutritional requirement of an individual in accordance with genetic makeup. Moreover, it aims to purvey treatment in the management of certain ailments having a dietary role based on individual’s genomic profile. Therefore, vast research in the field of nutritional genomics is a dire need to make people aware regarding their health and diet relationship. Here, we have given an overview of nutrigenomics coupled with novel technologies to produce utilitarian information for health professionals and researchers by divulging certain properties that interfere with the genomic machinery.

This study is on the seasonal incidence of Phyllotreta striolata F. during 2015 and 2016, on turnip (Brassica rapa var. rapa), radish (Raphanus sativus) and cabbage (B. oleracea var. capitata). The incidence observed at weekly intervals was correlated with weather factors. The pest was first observed during 35th standard meteorological week (SMW), and in 2015, peak was observed on turnip (22.8 beetles/ plant) and radish (22.2 beetles/ plant) during the 40th SMW; during 2016, peak was (19.4 beetles/ plant on turnip; 22.2 beetles/ plant on radish) in the 39th SMW; and on cabbage, the peak incidence (4.8 beetles/ plant- 2015; 9.2 beetles/ plant - 2016) was during 38th SMW. The incidence showed a positive correlation with temperature and sunshine hours, and a negative correlation with relative humidity and rainfall.

Background Thiamethoxam, a neonicotinoid insecticide, has been widely accepted for the control of sucking and certain chewing pests. Through different routes viz., wind drift, leaching and surface runoff, it can reach non-target areas which includes humans as well. So, the fate of thiamethoxam in food grains and soil is of prime importance, entailing that pesticide use is subject to steady observation. Objective To validate QuEChERS method for detection of thiamethoxam and its metabolites in wheat leaves, grain, straw, and soil using LCMS/MS. Methods The QuEChERS method allows sample extraction by acetonitrile followed by clean up with primary secondary amine sorbent, magnesium sulphate and graphitized carbon black. The method was validated in terms of selectivity, linearity, LOD, LOQ, matrix match, accuracy, and precision. The estimation of residues was done by LCMS/MS. Results: Recovery of thiamethoxam and its metabolites in wheat and soil samples was in the range of 81.22 to 98.14%. LOQ for thiamethoxam and its metabolites was 0.01 mg/kg. The matrix effect values were in the acceptable range of –20 to + 20%. Conclusions The method allows simple and fast extraction of thiamethoxam and its metabolites from wheat leaves, grain, straw, and soil. It could be helpful in evaluation of regulatory and food safety decisions regarding use of neonicotinoids. Highlights: The method was validated according to the SANTE/12682/2019 guidelines. An accurate, simple, and sensitive analytical method was validated for thiamethoxam and its metabolites.

Pesticides are used in modern agriculture to prevent crop losses by different pests and allow sustentation of the current crop yields. The pesticides after their use enter the environment viz., soil, water and air, then undergo various interactions and complex transformations resulting in the formation of multiple metabolites. The fate of pesticides in the environment depends on the properties of pesticide, soil and some other miscellaneous factors. Pesticides and their metabolites may move downward and reach groundwater under the effect of gravity, percolation, agricultural runoff or backsiphoning, hence there is risk to groundwater contamination. Chemicals have been noticed in groundwater, drinking water and surface water supplies. Therefore, research on ill-effects of the pesticide use and their fate in the environment is of great concern. The indigenous micro-flora is successful in biodegradation and removal of xenobiotics. So, in order to ensure public safety as well as the environmental protection from the chemical use, the pesticide use must be judicious and biodegradation of such chemicals to reduce their residues in agricultural products needs to be escalated.