OBJECTIVE:To investigate the anti-oxidative and anti-nephrotoxic effects of resveratrol in cisplatin induced nephrotoxic albino Wistar rats. METHODS:This quasi-experimental study was performed at Isra University, Hyderabad, Pakistan. Thirty male albino Wistar rats were divided into three g r o u p s : g r o u p -A ( c o n t r o l ) , g r o u p -B ( c i s p l a t i n ) a n d g r o u p -C (cisplatin+resveratrol). Biochemical [serum urea, creatinine and glutathione peroxidase (GPX)] and renal histomorphology was performed in all groups after 21 days of treatment. RESULTS:Difference in mean pre-and post-experimental body weight was observed in all three groups. Mean body weight decreased from 241.7±8.5 gm to 196.50±9.34 gm and from 237±7.4 gm to 207.2±6.56 gm in group-B and group-C respectively. In group-A; mean serum urea was 22.7±2.66 mg/dl, serum creatinine was 0.45±0.05 mg/dl and serum GPX was 1.44±0.13 ηg/ml. In group-B; mean serum urea level was 51±3.65 mg/dl, mean serum creatinine was 0.78±0.05 mg/dl and serum GPX was 0.85±0.11 ηg/ml. In group-C, mean serum urea level was 32.8±1.45 mg/dl, serum creatinine level was 0.41±0.09 mg/dl and serum GPX was 1.53±0.08 ηg/ml. In group-A, renal structure was intact, marked changes were observed in renal histology of group-B while group-C displayed less glomerular damage. The mean distance between visceral and parietal layers of Bowman's capsule was 69.34±0.87 µm in group-A, 216.5±1.32 µm in group-B while 102.22±1.65 µm in group-C. Areas of peritubular fibrosis and congestion were observed in groups B and C but less prominent in group-C compared with group-B. CONCLUSION:Resveratrol therapy is a potent anti-nephrotoxic regime showing promising results in chemotherapy induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress.

Objective: To determine the anti-hyperglycemic effects of interleukin-1 inhibitor (diacerein) in alloxan induced diabetic albino wistar rats. This experimental study was performed at the Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tando Jam within 6 months from April 2016 to September 2016. Total of 160 adult Albino Wistar Rats having an average of 200 to 300 grams body weights were selected. Animals were categorized into 4 groups as; Group A (n=15): Control rats – receive 0.9% normal saline as placebo Experimental Groups Group B (n=15): Experimental Control (Diabetic rats) - Alloxan50 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneal. Group C (n=15): Diabetic rats + Diacerein (30 mg/kg/day) orally daily. Group D (n=15): Diabetic rats + Diacerein (50 mg/kg/day) orally daily. Animals were kept and treated as per the NIH Guideline for Use and Care of Laboratory Animals. Diabetes mellitus was induced via a single intraperitoneal injection of 50 milligram/kg alloxan monohydrated dissolved in aseptic 0.9% saline. After 72 hours, blood specimens were taken from the caudal vein of the rats and glucose level>200 mg/dL was taken as diabetes. Experimental rats were given diacerein approximately 30 and 50 mg orally for 6 weeks. At the completion of experiment the body weight was measured of each animal by electronic measuring balance and blood sample was taken from each animal of all groups to assess the blood glucose level and HbA1c level. Data were recorded via self-made proforma and analysis was done by using SPSS version 20. Results: Average body weight of Diabetic control (Group B) was 193.33±22.50 grams, which was lower in contrast to Diacerein treated group C 202.47±25.70 grams and significantly lower as compared to Diacerein treated group D as  212.6±23.43 grams. A significant increase in blood glucose levels 182.07±10.63 mg/dl was noted in the Diabetic control (Group B) compared to Diacerein treated group C (110.13± 8.54 mg/dl) and group D (85.87±8.41 mg/dl) (P=0.001). HbA1c was markedly raised in the Group B- diabetic controls, while diacerein treated diabetic rats (groups C and D) showed a significant decrease in HbA1c (P=0.001). Conclusion: It was concluded that Diacerein achieves the Euglycemic state by reducing the levels of blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in Alloxan-Induced diabetes mellitus in Wistar Albino Rats.

Background: Erythrocyte Osmotic fragility (EOF) is defined as the degree of hemolysis that occurs when

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate anti-hyperglycemic and anti-oxidative effects of Lcarnitine in alloxan induced diabetic albino wistar rats. METHODS:This quasi-experimental study was conducted at Isra University, Hyderabad from June 2017 to August 2017. Thirty-six albino wistar male rats were equally divided into 3 groups (n=12/group); group A (control), group B (alloxan 150mg/kg intraperitoneally) and group C (alloxan 150mg/kg intraperitoneally + L-carnitine 500mg/kg orally for 21 days). Diabetes was induced in group B and C by single intraperitoneal dose of alloxan 150mg/kg body weight and rats having blood glucose >200mg/dl were labeled as diabetic rats and included in study. Biochemical (blood glucose, serum insulin and glutathione peroxidase) and histopathological analysis of pancreas was performed in all three experimental groups. RESULTS:Post-experimental body weight in groups A, B and C were noted as 249.58±6.63, 199.08±12.18, 210.58±5.14 grams respectively. The fasting blood glucose in groups A, B and C were noted as 104.58±7.05, 221.25±8.22, 110.17±12.85 mg/dl respectively (P<0.001). Serum insulin in groups A, B and C was noted as 1.45±0.083, 0.31±0.16, 1.74±0.23 ηg/ml respectively (P<0.001). Glutathione peroxidase levels in groups A, B and C were noted as 1.45±0.17, 0.93±0.11, 1.74±0.17 ηg/ml respectively (P<0.001). Histopathology of pancreas showed reduction in size (mean islet diameter 157±1.5 µm) and number of islets of Langerhans in diabetic rats, while Lcarnitine treated rats have shown compensatory increase in size of islets of Langerhans (mean islet diameter 210±6.3 µm). CONCLUSION: L-carnitine therapy is a potent anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidative regimen capable of reducing blood glucose and increasing plasma antioxidant levels.