99mTc-EDDA/HYNIC-TOC is an easily available and cheaper radionuclide that could be used for somatostatin-receptor-based imaging of neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of 99m Tc-EDDA/HYNIC-TOC compared to 111 In-DTPA-octreotide in patients (pts) with NETs. We performed a prospective diagnostic study including pts with biopsy-confirmed NET and at least one visible lesion at conventional imaging. Two independent nuclear medicine physicians evaluated pts who underwent 99m Tc and 111 In scans and images. The primary outcome was comparative diagnostic accuracy of 99m Tc and 111 In. Secondary outcomes include safety.Nine pts were included and performed 14 paired scans. Overall, 126 lesions were identified. 99m Tc demonstrated superior sensitivity both when all images were analysed (93.7, 95% CI 88.1% -96.8% versus 74.8%, 95% CI 66.6 -81.6%, p < 0.001) and when liverspecific images were analysed (97.8%, 95% CI 92.7% -99.5% versus 85.1%, 95% CI 76.6% -91.0%, p < 0.001). 99m Tc was also associated with a lower negative likelihood ratio (LR) (0.002, 95% CI 0.009 -0.1 versus 0.19, 95% CI 0.12 -0.42, p = 0.009) when evaluating hepatic lesions. Adverse events happened in 3 pts after 111 In and in 2 pts after 99m Tc, all grade 1. The 99m Tc demonstrated a higher sensitivity overall and a better negative LR in liver-specific images compared to 111 In in pts with NETs. Our findings suggest that 99m Tc is an alternative to 111 In and is especially useful in ruling out liver metastases. NCT02691078.
OBJECTIVE: We studied transplants of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) by lumbar puncture (LP) in a severe model of spinal cord injury (SCI) using clip compression. METHODS: BMMCs or saline solution were transplanted by LP 48 hours and 9 days post injury. Motor function was evaluated by BBB scale, histological analysis by Nissl technique and the verification of cell migration by PCR analysis. RESULTS: The BBB had significantly improved in rats treated with BMMCs by LP compared with controls (p<0.001). The histological analysis did not showed difference in the lesional area between the groups. The PCR analysis was able to found BMMCs in the injury site. CONCLUSIONS: two BMMC transplants by LP improved motor function in a severe model of SCI and BMMC was found in the injury site.
Methylphenidate (MPH) has been widely misused by children and adolescents who do not meet all diagnostic criteria for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder without a consensus about the consequences. Here, we evaluate the effect of MPH treatment on glucose metabolism and metabolic network in the rat brain, as well as on performance in behavioral tests. Wistar male rats received intraperitoneal injections of MPH (2.0 mg/kg) or an equivalent volume of 0.9% saline solution (controls), once a day, from the 15th to the 44th day of age. Fluorodeoxyglucose-18 was used to investigate the cerebral metabolism, and a cross-correlation matrix was used to examine the brain metabolic network in MPH-treated rats using micro-positron emission tomography imaging. Performance in the light-dark transition box, eating-related depression, and sucrose preference tests were also evaluated. While MPH provoked glucose hypermetabolism in the auditory, parietal, retrosplenial, somatosensory, and visual cortices; hypometabolism was identified in the left orbitofrontal cortex. MPH-treated rats show a brain metabolic network more efficient and connected, but careful analyzes reveal that the MPH interrupts the connection of the orbitofrontal cortex with other brain areas. Anxiety-like behavior was also observed in MPH-treated rats. This study shows that glucose metabolism evaluated by microPET in the brain can be affected by MPH in different ways according to the region of the brain studied. It may be related, at least in part, to a rewiring in brain the metabolic network and behavioral changes observed, representing an important step in exploring the mechanisms and consequences of MPH treatment.
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