Background and Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate associations between visual functions (visual acuity, perimetry, optic nerve disc condition, and color contrast sensitivity) and pituitary adenoma (PA) diameter. Material and Methods. In the study, 20 patients with PA, which was confirmed by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scans, were examined. The patients were divided into 2 groups: those with a PA diameter of ≤1 cm (14 eyes) and with a PA diameter of >1 cm (26 eyes). The control group comprised 40 healthy age- and gender-matched persons (80 eyes). The diameter of PA, visual acuity, and perimetry were analyzed; the F-M 100 hue test for color discrimination was used in patients with PA. Results. Visual acuity was better in the control group as compared with both groups of patients (1.0 vs. 0.90 [SD, 0.50] and 0.64 [SD, 0.21]; P=0.01; respectively). The results of the Farnsworth- Munsell 100 hue test were also better in the control group compared with the patients with PA of ≤1 cm and >1 cm (error score of 80.1 [SD, 53.0] vs. 131.8 [SD, 30.6] and 244.68 [SD, 51. 6], respectively; P=0.011). There was a very strong positive correlation between the error score of the F-M 100 hue test and PA diameter (r=0.905), but the correlation between the error score and visual acuity (r=–0.32), perimetry (r=0.21), and eye fundus changes (r=0.36) and PA diameter was weak. Conclusions. Our results showed that PA can cause the impairments of visual acuity, perimetry, and color contrast sensitivity. The computerized F-M 100 hue test can be one of the methods for an early diagnosis of chiasm damage in patients with PA.

PurposeOur objective was to estimate the maximum color contrast sensitivity (MCCS) thresholds in individuals with chiasma opticum damage.MethodsThe pilot study tested 41 people with pituitary adenoma (PA) and 100 age- and gender-matched controls. Patients were divided into two groups according to PA size, PA ≤1 cm or PA >1 cm. A new MCCS test program was used for color discrimination.ResultsThe mean total error score (TES) of MCCS was 1.8 in the PA ≤1 cm group (standard deviation [SD], 0.38), 3.5 in the PA >1 cm group (SD, 0.96), and 1.4 in the control group (SD, 0.31; p < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between tumor size and MCCS result (r = 0.648, p < 0.01). In the group that had PA-producing hormones, the TES was 2.5 (SD, 1.09), compared to 4.2 value in the non-functioning PA group of patients that did not have clinically significant hormone excess (SD, 3.16; p < 0.01). In patients with normal visual acuity (VA) or visual field MCCS, the TES was 3.3 (SD, 1.8), while that in patients with VA <0.00 was 4.6 (SD, 2.9).ConclusionsResults of the MCCS test TES were 1.9 times better in patients with PA ≤1 cm compared to patients with PA >1 cm (p < 0.01). In PA patients with normal VA, the TES was 2.35 times worse than that of healthy persons (p < 0.01).

Purpose Our objective was to estimate the maximum colour contrast sensitivity (MCCS) thresholds in persons with damage of chiasma opticum. Methods Forty one persons with pituitary adenoma (PA) and 100 persons as age and gender matched controls were examined. Patients were divided into groups: according to who had chiasmal compression on imaging and who had not. A new computerized MCSS test program was used for colour discrimination. Results The mean of error score (ES) of MCCS in the group without chiasmal compression was 1.8 [SD, 0.38], in the group with chiasmal compression it was 3.5 [SD, 0.96], and in the control group it was 1.4 [SD, 0.31], (P<0.001). When visual acuity and visual field and fundus were normal in patients with PA, MCCS ES were 3.3 [SD, 1.8], and when VA was less than 1.0 the results were – 4.6 [SD, 2.9]. Conclusion Results of MCSS test ES were 1.9 times better in patients who had not chiasmal compression compared to patients who had chiasmal compression (P<0.001). Even when VA was normal in PA patients group, their ES was 2.35 times worse compared to healthy persons, P<0.001. Financial support: Lithuanian Science Council (grant no. MIP‐008/2014).