Background:Cryotherapy, in the form of ice massge is used to reduce inflammation after acute musculoskeletal injury or trauma. The potential negative effects of ice massage on proprioception are unknown, despite equivocal evidence supporting its effectivenessObjectives:The purpose of the study was to test the influence of cooling on weight discrimination ability and hence the performance in footballers.Patients and Methods:The study was of same subject experimental design (pretest-posttest design). Thirty male collegiate football players, whose mean age was 21.07 years, participated in the study. The participants were assessed for two functional performance tests, single leg hop test and crossed over hop test and weight discrimination ability before and after ice massage for 5 minutes on hamstrings muscle tendon.Results:Pre cooling scores of Single Leg Hop Test of the dominant leg in the subjects was 166.65 (± 10.16) cm and post cooling scores of the dominant leg was 167.25 (± 11.77) cm. Pre cooling scores of Crossed Over Hop Test of the dominant leg in the subjects was 174.14 (± 8.60) cm and post cooling scores of the dominant leg was 174.45 (± 9.28) cm. Pre cooling scores of Weight Discrimination Differential Threshold of the dominant leg in the subjects was 1.625 ± 1.179 kg compared with post cooling scores of the dominant leg 1.85 (± 1.91) kg. Pre cooling scores of single leg hop and crossed over hop test of the dominant leg in the subjects compared with post cooling scores of the dominant leg showed no significant differences and it was also noted that the weight discrimination ability (weight discrimination differential threshold) didn’t show any significant difference. All the values are reported as mean ± SD.Conclusions:This study provides additional evidence that proprioceptive acuity in the hamstring muscles (biceps femoris) remains largely unaffected after ice application to the hamstrings tendon (biceps femoris).

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The present research paper focuses on election succeeding tactics in Vikram Chandra's Sacred Games and Chetan Bhagat's Revolution 2020. A comparative study of both the writers has been made to reveal the tactics used to win elections in the modern age. Both writers represent the Indian contemporary world through their writings. Chandra has represented through Sacred Games the corrupt and criminal metropolitan city Mumbai. On the other hand, Bhagat gives an overview of Varanasi city through his Revolution 2020. Chandra and Bhagat have represented social evils prevailing in society through their fictional world. In their novels, both authors point out all those despicable issues which make modern contemporary society contemptible. Corruption has been prevailing in every field since immemorial times. The reality of the contemporary corrupt world has been disposed of threadbare through these novels. Political leaders and higher dignities are opportunistic use unethical means to fulfil their ambitions. Sacred Games is the collection of different interconnected stories which make us aware of every aspect of the contemporary world. Various examples have been presented in this novel, which is responsible for changes in society and manners. In Revolution 2020, Bhagat says increasing corruption in society is the outcome of malpractice, crime, political bankruptcy, and sins in the community. Chandra and Bhagat both have revealed the corruption pervaded political departments. These political leaders follow evil ways to come into power. Even they can go to any extent to fuel their ambitions. In these author's opinion, politics is only for criminals only to get success in winning the election. Thus, we see these both authors have given a realistic view of election in their novels.

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In this work, we perform a set of quantum mechanical calculations on compounds bromoxynil and its derivatives. Various properties entropy, dipole moment, energy, IR spectra studied by using DFT method in Gaussian calculations. The solubility and inhibition power of these compounds compared with each other. IR frequencies compared with experimental values.