Introduction: Strokes and neurodegenerative diseases are major global health problems. Not only because they cause high mortality and disability, but to the lack of effective therapies. NeuroEPO, a variant of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHu-EPO) with a low sialic acid content, has shown encouraging results as a potential neuroprotective agent when administered intranasally. Objective: To determine the effect of intranasal administration of NeuroEPO on the histological structure of the olfactory mucosa of Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: An experimental, prospective, and longitudinal study was conducted in Wistar rats. Ten healthy animals were randomly distributed into two groups of five each. The control group received a vehicle (0.3 μl/g/day) and the treated group received NeuroEPO (300 μg/kg/day). Both treatments were administered intranasally for 28 days. The histological characteristics of the olfactory mucosa were evaluated. The medians of the study groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: There were no alterations in the histological characteristics of the olfactory epithelium. However, at the level of the lamina propria in the group treated with NeuroEPO, slight hypertrophy, and hyperplasia of the Bowman's glands was observed. Conclusions: The administration of the nasal formulation of NeuroEPO did not induce histological alterations of the olfactory mucosa of Wistar rats under the experimental conditions of this research.

Introduction: Diseases associated with the Central Nervous System (CNS) represent a group of conditions with important social and economic repercussions. New treatment strategies with NeuroEPO offer new opportunities to prevent the onset and progression of these disorders. NeuroEPO administered intranasally can reach the CNS through various mechanisms involving the olfactory and trigeminal nerves, respiratory and olfactory mucosa, nasal vasculature, cerebrospinal fluid, and the lymphatic system. Objective To determine the effect of intranasal administration of NeuroEPO on the histologic structure of the respiratory mucosa and its associated lymphatic tissue in Wistar rats. Material and methods an experimental, descriptive, longitudinal, prospective study was conducted, using the Wistar rat as a biological model. Ten healthy animals were randomly distributed in two groups of five animals each. One of the groups received intranasal NeuroEPO for 28 days at doses of 300 µg/kg. The other group was given a vehicle at a rate of 0.3µl/g. The histological characteristics of the respiratory mucosa were studied. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the means Results No alterations in the histological characteristics of the respiratory mucosa and the lymphatic tissue associated with the nasal mucosa were observed in Wistar rats after the administration of NeuroEPO. Conclusion Intranasal administration of NeuroEPO does not cause pathological changes in the histological structure of the respiratory mucosa or the lymphatic tissue associated with the nasal mucosa of Wistar rats in our experimental conditions.