Effect of intranasal administration of neuroEPO in the histological structure of the olfactory mucosa of rats Wistar

Abstract

Introduction: Strokes and neurodegenerative diseases are major global health problems. Not only because they cause high mortality and disability, but to the lack of effective therapies. NeuroEPO, a variant of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHu-EPO) with a low sialic acid content, has shown encouraging results as a potential neuroprotective agent when administered intranasally. Objective: To determine the effect of intranasal administration of NeuroEPO on the histological structure of the olfactory mucosa of Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: An experimental, prospective, and longitudinal study was conducted in Wistar rats. Ten healthy animals were randomly distributed into two groups of five each. The control group received a vehicle (0.3 μl/g/day) and the treated group received NeuroEPO (300 μg/kg/day). Both treatments were administered intranasally for 28 days. The histological characteristics of the olfactory mucosa were evaluated. The medians of the study groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: There were no alterations in the histological characteristics of the olfactory epithelium. However, at the level of the lamina propria in the group treated with NeuroEPO, slight hypertrophy, and hyperplasia of the Bowman's glands was observed. Conclusions: The administration of the nasal formulation of NeuroEPO did not induce histological alterations of the olfactory mucosa of Wistar rats under the experimental conditions of this research.

Evidence of the neuroprotective potential of NeuroEPO in preclinical studies and clinical trials: A systematic review

“…To organize the information obtained from the articles and their relevance, tables were prepared in which preclinical studies (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23) (Table 1) and clinical trials (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) (Table 2) were grouped.…”

“…In recent decades, several investigations have been aimed at evaluating the neuroprotective potential of NeuroEPO in preclinical or clinical trials. Their results show that IN administration did not produce local structural damage (15,22,23) or outside the nasal cavity (15), nor hematological alterations (15,24,29) or serious adverse events, and was well tolerated by patients (24,26,29) . After IN administration, it reached the brain (11,12) and exerted neuroprotective effects in biomodels of cerebral ischemia (11,13,14,16,17) and Alzheimer's disease (18, 1 9) , as well as in patients with Parkinson's disease (25,26,27,29) , spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (29) or Alzheimer's disease (30) .…”