Ionic liquid-type electrolytes (ILELs) based on boronium cations, (trimethylamine)(dimethylethylamine)dihydroborate [N 111 N 112 BH 2 ] + , are revisited as they have barely been studied for Li battery applications as alternatives to the ubiquitous [C x mpyr] + and [R 4 P] + cations. We demonstrate the potential of binary and ternary ILELs with bis-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide [TFSI] − and bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide [FSI] − anions in comparison with N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium [C 4 mpyr][TFSI] as a reference. The conductivity of neat ILs and their 0.5 mol kg −1 Li-salt-containing mixtures (σ 25°C = 0.5− 1.68 mS cm −1 ), differential scanning calorimetry (T g = −83 to −77 °C, T m = 14 to 28 °C), solid−solid-state transitions for [N 111 N 112 BH 2 ][FSI], cyclic voltammetry (electrochemical stability window 5.6 V), Li|LFP and Li|Li cells, and a crystal structure of the Li environment have been investigated. The binary mixture of [N 111 N 112 BH 2 ][TFSI] + 0.8 mol kg −1 of Li[TFSI] yielded a crystalline material for which the X-ray structure showed a fourcoordinate square-planar [Li(TFSI) 2 ] − environment with O ∩ O chelation, while two-coordinate environments were reported for Li + centers in [C x pyr][Li 2 (TFSI) 3 ] with higher anion numbers, both tetrahedral monodentate coordination by four TFSI anions and five-coordinate, square-based pyramidal coordination by three TFSI anions. Charge−discharge cycling studies were conducted on lithium metal electrodes in a symmetrical Li|Li coin cell configuration for 1500 charge−discharge cycles at 50 °C and a current density of 0.2 mA cm −2 . When used as an electrolyte in Li|LFP half cells, several hundred charge−discharge cycles with high initial discharge capacity (∼155 mA h g −1 at 50 °C) and good retention (0.03 to 0.05% capacity loss per cycle) are possible at cycle rates of 0.1−0.25 C (0.07−0.2 mA cm −2 ). A good discharge capacity (∼135 mA h g −1 ) was also achieved at 20 °C/0.1 C with the ternary electrolyte system.
An amperometric type sensor whose active layer is derived from a tetra core-substituted organic semiconductor, naphthalene diimide (NDI-CN4), has been evaluated for ammonia gas (3, 6, 25 and 50 ppm)...
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