Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of an intraoral electrostimulation device, consisting of stimulating electrodes, an electronic circuit, and a power source, in treating xerostomia. The device delivers electrostimulation through the oral mucosa to the lingual nerve in order to enhance the salivary reflex.Methods. The device was tested on a sample of patients with xerostomia due to Sjögren's syndrome and other sicca conditions in a 2-stage prospective, randomized, multicenter trial. Stage I was a double-blind, crossover stage designed to compare the effects of the electrically active device with the sham device, each used for 1 month, and stage II was a 3-month open-label stage designed to assess the long-term effects of the active device. Improvement in xerostomia severity from baseline was the primary outcome measure.Results. A total of 114 patients were randomized. In stage I, the active device performed better than the ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00509808. Drs.

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The topical application of lycopene-enriched virgin olive oil and its placebo counterpart improved xerostomia-related symptoms significantly (but not salivary flow rate) in patients with drug-induced xerostomia.

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RESUMENAntecedentes: La presencia de dos o más anomalías craneofaciales puede estar asociada con síndromes y defectos congénitos. La identificación de anomalías menores y mayores facilita la detección temprana, la remisión y el diagnóstico de malformaciones que se pueden relacionar con condiciones congénitas. Propósito: Diseñar, probar y validar un instrumento para detectar clínicamente anomalías menores y mayores que puedan estar asociadas con malformaciones congénitas de la región craneofacial. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo piloto en una muestra aleatoria de 34 escolares (21 niñas y 13 niños), entre 5 y 17 años de edad. Se tomaron fotografías y medidas antropométricas de variables que se analizaron descriptivamente. Resultados: Un escolar presentaba una malformación mayor (labio y paladar hendido). Otros hallazgos fueron mesocefalia (47 %), macrocefalia (35 %), microcefalia (17 %), mesoprosopo (8,82 %), euriprosopo (5,88 %), leptoprosopo (85,29 %), anomalías de pelo (67 %), asimetrías faciales (76 %), frente angosta (44 %), depresión metópica (un escolar), anomalías en ojos como pliegues epicantales (26 %), anomalías en nariz (11 %), anomalías en orejas (64 %), apéndice preauricular (un escolar), anomalías en boca (35 %) y anomalías dentales (58 %). Conclusión: El formato se diseñó para ser aplicado de forma masiva en las poblaciones y se debe complementar con el estudio del genotipo para corroborar diagnósticos en los casos en que se presentan dos o más anomalías menores o en los casos con hallazgos relevantes.PALABRAS CLAVE anomalías craneofaciales; antropometría; medidas; sistémico; condiciones; congénito ÁREAS TEMÁTICAS diagnóstico; anomalías craneofaciales; ortodoncia ABSTRACT Background: The presence of two or more craniofacial abnormalities may be associated with developmental syndromes and/or genetic defects. Identifying minor and major anomalies helps early detection, referrals to a specialist, and diagnosis of malformations of congenital origin. Purpose: To design, test, and validate an instrument to detect minor and major clinical craniofacial anomalies that may be associated with congenital conditions. Methods: A descriptive pilot study was carried out with a sample of 34 5-to-17-year-old schoolchildren (21 girls and 13 boys). Photographs and craniofacial anthropometric measurements were taken and variables were analyzed descriptively. Results: Findings showed one schoolchild with major abnormality (cleft lip and palate) macrocephaly (35%), microcephaly (17%), mesoprosopic (8.82%), euryprosopic (5.88%), leptoprosopic (85.29%), hair distribution abnormalities (67%), facial asymmetries (76%), narrow forehead (44%), metopic depression (one child), eye abnormalities such as epicanthal folds (26%), nose abnormalities (11%), ear abnormalities (64%), preauricular appendix (one child), mo and data analysisfrequency anduth abnormalities (35%), and tooth anomalies (58%). Conclusion: The instrument of this study was designed for massive application in communities and should be complemented with g...