Using the laser self-mixing effect, a miniaturized two-dimensional motion sensor has been developed that works on almost any light-scattering surface. By applying the sensor to the surface of a finger, for example, an input device (scroll, click) can be built for hand-held applications. A three-dimensional input device (x, y, click), which will be presented soon, is based on the principles explained in this paper. We also present the physical and technological challenges and the solutions required to build a practical, miniaturized and robust device.

We will discuss the performance, progress and trend of High Power Light Emitting Diodes (HP-LEDs), suitable for high luminance applications like micro-display projection, car headlamps, spot lamps, theatre lamps, etc. Key drivers for the high luminance applications are LED parameters such as internal quantum efficiency, extraction efficiency, drive current, operating temperature and optical coupling efficiency, which are important for most applications as they also enable higher lumen/$ ratios. Historical progress, prospects for improving these parameters and potential optical luminance enhancement methods to meet the demands for the various illumination applications are presented.

In this paper, we describe a new input device that can be easily integrated into modern, compact equipment such as mobile telephones, laptops and PDAs, providing a solution for scrolling and/or click functionality. This laser-based device interacts with any light-scattering surface, including human skin. Apart from several application fields, this paper describes a simple solution for the detection of directional information using laser selfmixing.