This article aims to elaborate and describe the supports and challenges towards the development of political Islam during reformation Indonesia. This qualitative research used literature reviews methods of data collection. After validating and removing irrelevant data, the collected data were analyzed using Nvivo 12 Plus as an analysis tool. The authors found that some supports of political Islam during reformation Indonesia are the emergence of Islamic groups supporting Islamic law, Islamic values in various fields, and the favorable Islamic pop culture. On the other hand, the challenges of political Islam are in the form of the anti-Islamization movements and the issues of Islamic terrorism. Moreover, the supports for the existence of actors bringing the ideas of political Islam developed significantly in the era of President Habibie, which was the earlier phase of changing from the Suharto authoritarian regime, for instance, by the emergence of various Islamic political movements. However, the development has steadily declined following the increasing challenges towards political Islam during reformation Indonesia, especially since the second era of Presidents Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY) and President Joko Widodo (Jokowi) government, such as by the emergence of the anti-Islamization movement and the issue of Islamic terrorism. In the future, the field research through survey and interview is expected to validate the findings of this article.

This paper explores 1) why humanistic literacy is important in welcoming the industrial revolution 4.0, especially in the academic community and 2) how the implementation of MBKM (Collegiate Independent Learning) programs can be the main support in responding to industry 4.0. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate “how” the academic community uses knowledge from humanistic literacy. The study used a sample of 1,753 respondents from the academic community of Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang from December 16 to December 19, 2021 using PISA instruments and UNESCO indicators through Likert scale measurements. We show that humanistic literacy is a knowledge capital for the academic community with scores from respondents at the level of identification (4.3), application (4.22), and reasoning (4.24) that support the academic community for the development of social skills such as collaborative efforts and networking development in producing innovative industrial service products.

Abstract

AbstrakKasus Rohingya sebagai tragedi kamanusiaan sudah berlangsung selama beberapa tahun. Dengan peningkatan intensitas publikasi dan jumlah pengungsi lintas Negara, pengaruh konflik Rohingya tidak hanya pada level domistik, melainkan sudah memberikan pengaruh dan menjadi isu regional bahkan Internasional. Oleh karena itu, makalah ini akan menganalis bagaimana dunia Internasional merespon tragedi kemanusiaan Rohingya. Melalui konsep Responsibility to Protect, makalah deskriptif dengan metode studi pustaka ini menggambarkan bahwa respon Internasional terhadap isu Rohingya cukup massif baik pada level bilateral, regional, maupun Internasional. Namun demikian, berbagai upaya yang dilakukan belum bersifat sistematis untuk menyelesaikan akar persoalan. Beberapa respon yang muncul lebih terlihat sebagai upaya politik untuk pencitraan diri daripada langkah ril menyelesaikan masalah, misalnya dengan mendeportasi para pengungsi Rohingya yang sudah kehilangan kewarganegaraan mereka. Kata Kunci: Respon, ASEAN, Internasional, Kemanusiaan, RohingyaAbstract Rohingya case has emerged as humanism tragedy since last several years. Due to the increase of publication intensity and the number of refugees crosses countries, the influences of Rohingya case not only affected the domestic issues but also have influenced and emerged as a regional and International issue. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the International response on the human right tragedy on Rohingya issue. Through the Responsibility to Protect concept, this descriptive paper using literature reviews method describes the massif response of the International world in the level of bilateral, regional, and International. However, the response founded have not been systematic in nature solving the root of problems of the Rohingya issue. Some of the responses mostly concern on the self-political interests than the real efforts to solve the issue. Even some countries deport Rohingya refugees whose being lost their citizenship.

After liberalized it's economic policy in 1991, India emerges as a new emerging power in the world. By the year, it's economic power supports the strengthening of it's politics, military and cultures. Such condition invited Indonesia to be closer to India as what they had in previous time, since both countries also have consciousness on the emergence of Asian century after American and Europe have become weaker. Through this paper, I will position Indonesia and India mapping in International politics, particularly in term of their economic power. By this effort, it will be clear how important the reactualization of Indonesia-Indian bilateral relations in this globalized era. I also will analyze the prospect and obstacles of both countries relations. Keyword: Indonesia, India, Bilateral, Economic, International, Regional AbstrakSetelah meliberalkan kebijakan ekonomi pada 1991, India muncul sebagai kekuatan baru di dunia. Dari tahun ke tahun, kekuatan ekonomi mempengaruhi penguatan politik, militer, dan budaya. Kondisi tersebut mengundang Indonesia untuk lebih dekat ke India seperti sebelumnya, karena kedua negara juga sadar akan kemunculan abad Asia, setelah Amerika dan Eropa mulai melemah. Melalui artikel ini, saya akan memposisikan pemetaan Indonesia dan India dalam politik internasional, khususnya dalam hal kekuatan ekonomi. Dalam upaya ini, maka akan jelas betapa pentingnya reaktualisasi hubungan bilateral Indonesia-India di era globalisasi. Saya juga akan menganalisa prospek dan hambatan hubungan kedua negara.