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Goal: To indicate the fact that food containing refined sugars impacts dental health depending on the frequency and the time of its consumption and the conduct of oral hygiene. Materials and methods: For the accomplishment of our goal, we have polled children from the 2 nd grade, from both rural and urban areas, regarding their diet and consumption of foods rich in refined sugars. Then we arranged a systematic checkup of the teeth in which we recorded the condition of the teeth and we have made fissures sealing of all erupted and healthy permanent first molars. Those same respondents had previously received education regarding their diet and the impact refined sugars would have on their oral health. Results: In respondents from urban settings we noted: 28.8% consumed foods rich in refined sugars on a daily basis. The systematic checkup showed decent oral hygiene and a high percentage of healthy primary and permanent teeth i.e. 46.8%. The Decayed, Missing or Filled Teeth (DMFT) score valued 0.44. In respondents from rural settings we noted: 75.2% consumed pastries and sweets on a daily basis. The systematic checkup yielded poor oral hygiene and a small number of children with healthy primary and permanent teeth i.e. 9.7%. A high percentage (75.3%) of children had carious primary and permanent teeth, and many of them had unsanitary permanent first molars. The DMFT valued 0.88. Conclusion: A diet containing a huge amount of refined sugars negatively impacts the oral health and condition of teeth. However, poor oral hygiene contributes to the high percentage of carious primary and permanent teeth