The importance of capillary phenomena in the technical and scientific world is well known. For nearly a century and a half, noteworthy studies have been produced which have established the theoretical and experimental foundations of this field of investigation.Yet the field is by no means exhausted. In particular, the interpretation of the behavior and structure of surfaces and interfacial bounda ries in terms of molecular structure and the various forces exirting in such regions has been the subject of many researches in recent years.Hauqer, Andreas, and Tucker ( 7 ) hare reviewed the importance of boundary-energy measurements in industry. These men (1) developed the "pendant-drop method" for the experimental measurement of boundary energy Jyhich was used in the present study.The objective of the present research a o r k has been threefold: (a) to construct and operate photographic and auxiliary equipment for the production of pendant-drop profiles from which measurements could be taken for the calculation of boundary energies; ( b ) to determine the accuracy of the above method by the use of highly purified calibrating liquids upon 1% hich highly dependable data have been obtained by other methods which are theoretically valid; and (c) to determine the surfaceenergy characteristic. of' a group of purified aliphatic alcohols embracing the normal compoundq from C1 to C12 and the readily obtainable isomers below CC It is recognized that a drop of fluid hanging pendant from a tube is a system in which an equilibrium of forces has been attained. The resultant of these forces has been such as to give the drop certain shape and surface characteristics peculiar to the particular system under consideration.The equation derived by Andreas, Hauser, and Tucker (1) for experimental use in determining boundary tensions is2 1 The material presented here formed part of a thesis submitted by Leonard V. Sorg to the Faculty of the University of Kansas City in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, June, 1940. 2 For the complete derivation of this equation, see reference 10.
The relative viscosity and the relative density of solutions of sulfamic acid and of the ammonium, barium, calcium, and magnesium salts of sulfamic acid have been studied over the range of the solubility of these substances in water.2. The results may be expressed by the Jones and Dole equation for fluidities up to 1 normal and by the Root equation for densities over the entire concentration range studied.
Waring method for the separation of zinc, published in 1907 (11), was developed as the result of an extensive study of the analyses of zinc ores, conducted by the Committee on Uniformity in Technical Analysis of the American Chemical Society (2). This latter report indicated that the precipitation of zinc as zinc sulfide was the only satisfactory method available for the final separation of zinc. This procedure has been studied extensively, so that our knowledge of the conditions under which zinc sulfide may be precipitated quantitatively is as complete as it is for any analytical method available to chemists.
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