No abstract

No abstract

It is rare for prostate carcinoma to metastasize to the central nervous system. It often represents a terminal event with death in one year frequently due to the advanced systemic disease. Starting by a case report, we also reviewed the relevant literature to focus on this uncommon entity from epidemiology to clinical manifestation and therapeutic strategies. In this article, a case of multiple brain prostate metastasis is reported and a review of relevant literature is also discussed. Treatments available for intracranial metastasis include neurosurgery, external beam radiation and hormonal manipulation. Surgery associated with whole brain radiotherapy seems to be effective in the control of brain lesions both relieving neurological symptoms and prolonging survival, even if prognosis remains dismal. From this case, we concluded that brain metastasis from prostate carcinoma is a rare, terminal event with death in one year frequently due to the advanced systemic disease. A better understanding of the biology of prostate carcinoma will help clarify the basis for its metastasis to the brain.

Purpose: The world population is aging. As direct consequence, geriatric trauma is increasing both in absolute number and in the proportion of annual admissions causing a challenge for the health-care system worldwide. The aim of this review is to delineate the specific and practice rules for the management of mild brain trauma in the elderly. Methods: Systematic review of the last 15 years literature on mild traumatic brain injury (nTBI) in elderly patients. Results: A total of 68 articles m et al l eligibility criteria and were selected for the systematic review. We collected 29% high-quality studies and 71% low-quality studies. Conclusion: Clinical advices for a comprehensive management are provided. Current outcome data from mTBIs in the elderly show a condition that cannot be sustained in the future by families, society, and health-care systems. There is a strong need for more research on geriatric mild brain trauma addressed to prevent falls, to reduce the impact of polypharmacy, and to define specific management strategies.

We report our preliminary clinical experience with microscope-integrated intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) videoangiography in the treatment of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Nine patients underwent surgical procedures for AVMs. All patients had preoperative and early postoperative digital subtraction angiography (DSA). In all the procedures, ICG was injected intravenously during AVM occlusion and the removal of the nidus were directly analized into the microscope-integrated video, and they were compared with early postoperative angiography images. A total of 16 intraoperative ICG angiographies were performed. In all the patients the image quality was excellent, allowing intraoperative real-time evaluation of the completeness of the removal of the nidus. ICG videoangiography is easily performed during surgery for AVM and can confirm the completeness of the removal and may detect residual nidus, thus improving outcomes.