RMT is a program which solves the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for general, multielectron atoms, ions and molecules interacting with laser light. As such it can be used to model ionization (single-photon, multiphoton and strong-field), recollision (high-harmonic generation, strong-field rescattering), and more generally absorption or scattering processes with a full account of the multielectron correlation effects in a time-dependent manner. Calculations can be performed for targets interacting with ultrashort, intense laser pulses of long-wavelength and arbitrary polarization. Calculations for atoms can optionally include the Breit-Pauli correction terms for the description of relativistic (in particular, spin-orbit) effects. PROGRAM SUMMARYProgram Title: (RMT) R-matrix with time-dependence Licensing provisions: GPLv3 Programming language: Fortran Program repository available at: https://gitlab.com/UK-AMOR/RMT Computers on which the program has been tested: Cray XC40 BESKOW, Cray XC30 ARCHER, Cray XK7 TITAN, TACC Stampede2, DELL linux cluster, DELL PC Number of processors used: Min. 2, Max. tested 16,416 Number of lines in program: 25,247 Distribution format: git repository Nature of problem:The interaction of laser light with matter can be modelled with the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE). The solution of the TDSE for general, multielectron atomic and molecular systems is computationally demanding, and has previously been limited to either particular laser wavelengths and intensities, or to simple, few-electron cases. RMT overcomes this limitation by using a general approach to modelling dynamics in atoms and molecules which is applicable to multi-electron systems and a wide range of perturbative and non-perturbative phenomena. Solution method:We use the R-matrix paradigm, partitioning the interaction region into an 'inner' and an 'outer' region. In the inner region (within some small radius of the nucleus/nuclei), full account is taken of all multielectron interactions including electron exchange and correlation. In the outer region, far from the nucleus/nuclei, these are neglected and a single, ionized electron moves in the long-range potential of the residual ionic system and the laser field. The key computational aspect of the RMT approach is the use of a different numerical approach in each region, facilitating efficient parallelization without sacrificing accuracy. Given an initial wavefunction and the electric field of the driving laser pulse, the wavefunction for all subsequent times and the associated observables are computed using an explicit, Arnoldi propagator method. Additional comments including restrictions and unusual features:The description of the atomic/molecular structure is provided from other, timeindependent R-matrix codes [1][2][3], and the capabilities (in terms of structure) are, in some sense, inherited therefrom. Thus, the atomic calculations can optionally include Breit-Pauli relativistic corrections to the Hamiltonian, in order to account

We describe an ab initio and non-perturbative R-matrix with time-dependence theory for ultrafast atomic processes in light fields of arbitrary polarization. The theory is applicable to complex, multielectron atoms and atomic ions subject to ultrashort (particularly few-femtosecond and attosecond) laser pulses with any given ellipticity, and generalizes previous time-dependent R-matrix techniques restricted to linearly polarized fields. We discuss both the fundamental equations, required to propagate the multielectron wavefunction in time, as well as the computational developments necessary for their efficient numerical solution. To verify the accuracy of our approach, we investigate the two-photon ionization of He, irradiated by a pair of time-delayed, circularly polarized, femtosecond laser pulses, and compare photoelectron momentum distributions, in the polarization plane, with those obtained from recent time-dependent close-coupling calculations. The predictive capabilities of our approach are further demonstrated through a study of single-photon detachment from F − in a circularly polarized, femtosecond laser pulse, where the relative contribution of the co-and counter-rotating 2p electrons is quantified. arXiv:1812.00234v1 [physics.atom-ph] 1 Dec 2018

We have begun a preliminary investigation into the opacity of Sn at low temperatures (< 50 eV). The emissivity and opacity of Sn is a crucial factor in determining the utility of Sn in EUV lithography, with numerous industrial implications. To this end, we have been exploring the accuracy of some approximations used in opacity models for the relevant ion stages of Sn (neutral through ∼ 18 times ionized). We find that the use of intermediate-coupling, as compared to full configuration-interaction, is not adequate to obtain accurate line positions of the important bound-bound transitions in Sn. One requires full configuration-interaction to properly describe the strong mixing between the various n = 4 sub-shells that give rise to the Δn = 0 transitions that dominate the opacity spectrum at low temperatures. Since calculations that include full configuration-interaction for large numbers of configurations quickly become computationally prohibitive, we have explored hybrid calculations, in which full configuration-interaction is retained for the most important transitions, while intermediate-coupling is employed for all other transitions. After extensive exploration of the atomic structure properties, local-thermodynamicequilibrium (LTE) opacities are generated using the ATOMIC code at selected temperatures and densities.

The ab initio R-matrix with time method has recently been extended to allow simulation of fully nonperturbative multielectron processes in molecules driven by ultrashort arbitrarily polarized strong laser fields. Here we demonstrate the accuracy and capabilities of the current implementation of the method for two targets: We study single-photon and multiphoton ionization of H 2 and one-photon and strong-field ionization of H 2 O and compare the results to available experimental and theoretical data as well as our own time-independent R-matrix calculations. We obtain a highly accurate description of total and state-to-state single-photon ionization of H 2 O and, using a simplified coupled-channel model, we show that state coupling is essential to obtain qualitatively correct results and that its importance as a function of laser intensity changes. We find that electron correlation plays a more important role at low intensities (up to approximately 50 TW/cm 2).