Modeling the response of buried reinforced concrete structures subjected to close-in detonations of conventional high explosives poses a challenge for a number of reasons. Foremost, there is the potential for coupled interaction between the blast and structure. Coupling enters the problem whenever the structure deformation affects the stress state in the neighboring soil, which in turn, affects the loading on the structure. Additional challenges for numerical modeling include handling disparate degrees of material deformation encountered in the structure and surrounding soil, modeling the structure details (e.g., modeling the concrete with embedded reinforcement, jointed connections, etc.), providing adequate mesh resolution, and characterizing the soil response under blast loading. This work was carried out under a Sandia National Laboratories CSRF (Project/Task 7101/04.16), titled "Modeling Coupled Blast/Target Interaction to Evaluate Facility Response and Structural Collapse". The author would like to thank James Baylot (ERDC) for providing experimental data for code benchmarking, as well as his insights into the experimental procedure and results; Marlin Kipp (9232) for his insights into modeling blast with CTH; and Marlin Kipp (9232) and Steve Attaway (9134) for their review of this report. The author would also like to acknowledge the many contributors to Zapotec's development. The original Zapotec code was developed in the early 1990s by John Prentice of Quetzal Computational Associates. This version of Zapotec performed a serial coupling of the CTH and EPIC codes, and was largely focused on penetration applications. Zapotec evolved over the years with a number of Sandians involved in the development. To the authors knowledge, the Sandians involved were

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